environment ielts essays

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Noise Pollution

Some people think that they can make as much noise as they want, while others think that the amount of noise people make should be strictly controlled. Discuss both views and include your own opinion and examples. It is unfortunately the case that in any society we can find a number of people who do not respect to the social rights of others. One of the most disturbing cases is making noise either in public or people's private life. While the majority of people believe that the amount of noise produced by individuals must be restricted, there are still people who think that they have freedom to make noise regardless of considering other's life. In this essay, I will explain my point of view by examining both sides of the argument. Some people think that they should not take any responsibility related to limiting or decreasing the noise made by them. They claim that controlling the amount of the noise by rules and regulations not only invades their personal privacy, but it violates their social freedom. For example, in their view, listening to music loudly or hosting night parties in their own apartments would be considered as their basic human rights of being happy. There is, however, a strong argument that it is the responsibility of all members of a society to respect others' social life. Most people object to disrupting other's life by making unlimited noises. They believe that making noise should be controlled as much as possible when it creates disturbance for others by regulating strict rules. A common example here is to prohibit talking over cell phones loudly in the public such as in a subway which is clearly creating disturbance for people who are near the person while it has been frequently happening. In my view, any type of activity that creates disturbance for citizens' life must be controlled, and noise is no exception. Although it is beyond the power of governments to control all disturbing noises in the whole society, it seems to be possible that making some avoidable noises is banned in certain places such as near hospitals. _______________________________________ Please give me feedback for my Environmental Problems Essay on noise pollution.

Managing Global Environmental Damage

by long (hong kong)

Please give me some comment on my environmental problems essay, especially on grammatical mistakes, thank you Should global environmental damage be managed by the government or individuals? with the rapid development of modern world, global environment hazards are brought to our attention, some people suggest that the government should play a more important role on reducing the environmental damage, while others believe that the individual efforts cannot be ignored. to begin with, one of the major environmental hazards is the uncontrolled greenhouse gases emission by burning fossil fuel. in order to tackle the problem, the government plays a vital role. for example, the united nations have reached the agreement on annual carbon emission even china has promised to reduced the emission to international standard. it is obvious that the government has the power to alter others attitude towards environmental issue, which can be use to minimise carbon emission. on top of this, government can effectively prevent deforestation by reinforcing law and employing heavy punishment to offenders. in some rural countries, where people rely on logging business, the industry cut down trees incautiously and leads to serious rainforest destruction. if strict regulations are applied by the authority, the natural environment can be preserved. however, individual can also make a great deal of effort on reducing impact by altering their lifestyle. the air quality would be greatly improved if people are willing to use public transport instead of private cars. landfill will be prolonged if people abandon the use of plastic as packaging materials and seek eco friendly alternatives. if people have the conception of recycling, the amount of pollutants produced will be significantly reduced. on a whole, the government plays a crucial role on this worldwide issue. however, the individual influence cannot be underestimated.

Paying to Clean Up the Environment

Many people believe that companies and individuals should pay to clean up the environment in proportion to the amount of pollution they have produced. Do you agree or disagree? Over the past decades of ecological history, various environmental problems that the world faced; some may due to natural catastrophe, but most of them are caused by human activities. As a result, many countries have to bear with pointless expenditure to rejuvenate the state of their environment. Some people argued that every individual inclusive company is obliged to pay the cleaning cost of their actions that lead to environmental degradation, while others believed that certain actions are just unavoidable. This essay will present both sides of arguments before a reasoned conclusion is drawn. To begin with, Go Green defenders claimed that everyone should be penalized for their doings that caused environmental problems. Although this may be true to certain extent, however, some of the contamination results from human actions are just inevitable. In the modern era, many daily activities require energy to operate. Most of the energy that human used such as fuel and coals, contain with combustible materials, which will contribute to the environment pollution. Despite the existence of renewable and clean energy, this technology is still expensive at the moment and not every individual can afford to have. Hence, putting these costs and blames on these low level incomes groups will definitely burden them. However, certain activities that harmed the environment are primarily motivated for self-interest. This can be easily evident from irresponsible companies that earned large profits from their noncompliance’s activities such as over logging. Another great example is where household family discarded unwanted objects or food recklessly just to avoid paying disposal or cleaning fee. All these self-centeredness actions have caused serious global warming. Thus, by imposing penalty on these selfish deeds, government can utilize this fund to restore and improve the ecosystem. To sum up, there are clear supporting reasons for both sides of views; however, in my opinion, it is still believed that preserving the ecosystem is a responsibility of every person. Hence, any egotistical actions that resulted to environmental damage, they should be liable for the cost of rehabilitation flora and fauna. *** You can feedback below on this student's environmental problems essay on who should pay to clean up the environment.

An Essay on damaging the environment

by Arvind Sharma (India)

Explain some of the ways in which humans are damaging the environment. What can government do to address these problems? What can individual people do? Over many decades, human beings have been damaging the ecosystem, but it has always been criticized the ways in which they are damaging the environment. It is essential to understand these different methods which are responsible in polluting the environment. In this essay, all possible ways of damaging the environment will be examined before pointing out the roles of government and an individual in this pressing matter. To begin with the numerous means which cause the ecosystem polluted and destructive. Firstly, the deforestation where humans continually cutting down the trees for making the room for the living or constructing the new houses. As a result, many countries are being affected by flood and other natural disasters. Secondly, in order to fulfil the needs of the people, factories and mills are emitting the carbon which causes the ozone layer is being damaged. Consequently, the harmful rays are impacting adverse to the people’s health. Finally, the wastage, which is being collected by the people, is being poured into the soil which makes the land infertile. After examining the different ways, it has been clear that humans are responsible for making the environment worse. Next, the question is that what the government should do for addressing these acute problems. The government can play a pivotal role in order to highlight the issues of global warming. In other words, people can get familiar with the negative effects of global warming by organizing the government funded awareness camps. Moreover, media can play an important role by having the collaboration with government to address the pressing issues of damaging environment on television. On the other hand, people can control their habits which cause the environment polluted. For instance, by avoiding the usage of plastic bags they can save the environment from pollution to some extent. In addition to this, they can control their desires which cause the factories and mills to produce more to fulfill their demands. Therefore, undoubtedly, if both government and an individual understand their responsibilities towards the environment, it can be saved from the destruction. In conclusion, after analyzing the different ways of damaging the environment, and the significant roles of the government and an individual. I opine that this problem cannot be solved to think in isolation, therefore, it is important to both government and individual should come forward and take a responsibility to alleviate this extreme problem otherwise they have to live with the consequences of it. *** Please can you check my essay on damaging the environment.

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Damaging of the Environment

by Prasa (Sri Lanka)

Explain some of the ways in which humans are damaging the environment. What can governments do to address these problems? What can individual people do? The global environment is deteriorating at accelerated phase due to human activities where states and individuals have a major role to play together to prevent this and preserve the environment. At the outset, human activities such as deforestation for housing and factories shrink the green cover of the world which further impacted by the emission of greenhouse and toxic gases with the use of fossil fuel in vehicles and factories. Moreover, the excessive use of non-degradable plastics damages the soil vegetation and impact marine life. Though these are essential for the day to day life, the irresponsible behaviors of humans has done irreparable damage to the Mother Nature. On the other hand, governments around the world are in the confusing battle of prioritizing the environment protection over the creation of better life for their citizens. The focus should be directed to preserving the forest cover with clear demarcation and strict regulation on emission levels. Furthermore, state should encourage the scientific research on alternatives for plastic with bio-degradable materials which are similar in terms of convenience and alternative sources of sustainable energy in place of fossil fuel. However the general public cannot wash their hands off from this global issue where they also have to realize the social role in preservation of environment. This should include from preventing littering, reducing the use of plastics or reuse them to reduce the damage to use of alternative modes of transport then excessive use of fuel driven private cars. Furthermore, this can be improved by creating a demand for organically grown food instead of consuming produce of modern farming techniques which use chemical fertilizer that disturbs the lives inside the soil and water ways near the farms. In a nutshell, the prevention of environmental pollution is not only a responsibility of governments though they are the predominant party to plan macroeconomic policy for solutions but also a responsibility of individuals to adopt environmental friendly lifestyle.

Improving the Environment Essay

by Su jin (Seoul )

Individuals can do nothing to improve the environment. Only governments and large companies can make a difference. To what extent do you agree or disagree? In this modern era where technology and industrialization has highly developed, keeping the environment safe and clean has become a big concern for human kind. Some people say that governments and large companies should play a big role to protect the nature and take appropriate measures to solve the problems. In my opinion individuals can also contribute to the nature protection on their own level. First of all, one of the main issues that we encounter today is air pollution and the smoke of factories and cars is the main cause of it. Thus in order to reduce the air pollution people should use public transport instead of private cars to commute to the work. In this way the number of cars will be decreased and so will be the harmful smoke that they emit to the air. Secondly, the second biggest problem is the garbage. We can reduce garbage by recycling the materials and reuse it. Thus people should sort out the garbage and throw them away properly. Some wastes such as bottles and plastic papers take centuries to get absorbed into the soil and harm the animal habitat for a long time. Therefore, recycling the bottles, cans and using paper bags instead of plastic ones could be the answer to it. At last, some of our earth's energy resources such as electricity, food supply, water are non-renewable. Thus it would be better if we consider consuming energy supplies properly by turning off the light and other electronic devices when not using them and saving water by closing tap after use. In conclusion, however, protecting the environment is a big topic it is not that far from our lives. In other words individuals surely can help to improve the condition by doing minor habitual things including using a public transport, recycling, saving energy and so on. Our future is in our hands. If we do not start implementing and influencing others in protecting our mother nature then who would be in responsible of it.

Natural Disasters Essay

by Pradeep (Hyderabad,India)

Wealthy nations should assist poorer countries with humanitarian relief during natural disasters. To what extent do you agree or disagree.   There is no doubt that extending help to someone during tough times is paramount. Rich countries should support poverty-stricken nations with altruistic aid while calamities take place. I completely agree with the statement and convey my views concerned to it in the following essay.   Affluent countries are stocked with essential resources like money, medicine, groceries, and equipment. For example, the USA has got reserves of such resources for the next 100 years. Being rich, similar nations are in a position to support countries that suffer economically and emotionally during nature havoc. The result of this is, not only induces good relations between countries but also paves the way to commercial transactions with minimized taxes in the future, as similar happened in the case of Vietnam and Japan.   The help of advanced technologies from higher nations results in rescuing and retention of casualties’ precious lives. The help-seeking countries certainly have lack sophisticated technologies to forecast, mitigate natural calamities. For example, life detecting flights were brought from other nations and deployed to identify soldiers with active heartbeats but struggling to survive during the Kargil war. As a result, quite a several soldiers survived and good relations, trust were established between nations. In return, it resulted in 1 billion dollars worth of armory purchase transactions.   To sum up, as per a saying ‘a friend in need is a friend indeed ‘, wealthy nations must support deprived countries. Being taken the opportunity, rich countries contribute to creating a feeling of comfort and security in devastated help-seeking nations. This also inculcates a sense of be-ready-to-help kind of trait in poorer nations within their range.

Mandating Recycling Essay

by Beryl (Turkey)

Some people claim that not enough of the waste from homes is recycled. They say that the only way to increase recycling is for governments to make it a legal requirement. To what extent do you think laws are needed to make people recycle more of their waste? In contemporary society there is a ongoing discussion whether sufficient waste from homes is recycled to increase longevity of sources and thus, livebility of environment. Some group of people also claim that governments should be obliged to take action on that issue via providing laws regarding that issue. Although, governments’ providing a legal requirement might be beneficial to some extent, it might not be fully effective. For instance, some group of people might perceive this law as only made to please environmentalists. Due to that reason some people might exclude themselves from responsibilities law enforced to them. Moreover, some group of people only take into account their personal gains. Therefore, may not be interested with providing a good environmental heritage to upcoming future generations. When all these mentioned diverse perspectives taken into account utilizing positive reinforcement might be more beneficial for increasing the amount recycled waste. For instance, in Germany the amount of recycling is high because citizens are given a very low cash prize like 1 euro in return to the every plastic bottle they recycled. Therefore, while enforcing laws on people the characteristics of society and the impact of these society on people should taken into account while creating a legislation for the citizens. However, the crucial point for making people recycle is not limited with impact of laws, it starts with increasing citizens and companies conscious about the topic. To exemplify, for decreasing plastic waste some companies are making their own precautions and using their own initiatives such as Starbucks or other little coffeeshops. Starbucks’ initiative about making people recycle more is turning to use paper straws rather than plastic straws.This is because paper is an easily decomposable product compared to plastics thus, it can easily be recycled.Another initiative of Starbucks’ is providing a 15% discount to people who bring their own termos so, both companies’ and that individuals’ waste amount is decreased to an extent.Furthermore, some local coffee shops are giving their products in reusable bottles while explaining the importance of continuability .As a result, they are also supporting development of conscious level of people in that topic. Consequently, people might behave more conscious in the issue of recycling. To conclude, we can accept that laws are limited in the extent of making people recycle fully. Therefore, we can use environmental enforces like using places to provide people with knowledge about the subject such as coffee shops. Furthermore, the impact of laws is effective on the extent people followed and applied them. If only these laws regarding recycling was formed in a society where laws are followed and applied we can say that a legislation aiming increase recycle can be successful -in 100%-fully-.

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The Environment Topic for Writing Task 2

While some people consider global warming to be the most pressing environmental problem which we have at the moment, others believe that deforestation has a more devastating impact on our world. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.

The government should reduce the amount of money spent on local environmental problems and instead increase funding into urgent and more threatening issues such as global warming. To what extent do you agree?

With increasing populations and ever growing urban centers, many countries are losing their natural beauty spots. What benefits are there to protecting places of natural beauty? How can this be solved?

Although many people value their public parks, this space could be better used for other purposes such as residential areas for the ever growing population or to develop business and boost economies. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this?

With deforestation, urban development and illegal hunting, many animal species are becoming endangered as they lose their habitat and some are even threatened to the point of extinction. Do you think it is important to protect animals? What measures can be taken to deal with this problem?

Global warming is one of the biggest threats to our environment. What causes global warming? What solutions are there to this problem?

Both governments and individuals are spending vast amounts of money protecting animals and their habitat. This money could be better spent dealing with fundamental issues in society such as poverty and health care. To what extent do you agree?

As a result of growth in some urban centers, the environment in those cities is deteriorating. How could this issue be tackled by both the government and individuals?

Some people think that current environmental issues are global problems and should therefore be dealt with by the government while others believe that these problems can only be tackled by individuals. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.

Global environmental issues are the responsibility of rich nations not of poorer nations. Do you agree with this opinion?

While many people believe that global environmental problems should be dealt with internationally rather than domestically. What is your opinion?

 Many animals are being hunted to the brink of extinction in order to fulfill the demand and greed of mankind for decorative purposes as well as for other reasons such as traditional medicine. How could this be solved?

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35 Sample Band 9 IELTS Essays

Take a look at these 35 sample Band 9 IELTS essays for writing task 2 of the IELTS exam . Task 2 can cover a wide range of essay topics for the IELTS writing task section of the test, so preparation is key. Use the following samples when preparing your IELTS essays to see how close you are to a band 9!

These IELTS band 9 essay samples will help you highlight your mistakes and improve your writing band 9 level.

See the below IELTS essay writing sample questions and answers to practice for your IELTS writing task 2 .

You will find the IELTS essay questions and answers categorised by the following essay types.

• Do you agree/disagree
• Discuss both views and give your opinion
• Discuss the advantages and disadvantages
• Discuss the problems and possible solutions
• Is this a positive or a negative development

For a FREE ebook of our top 10 IELTS Band 9 essay samples in PDF, click here!

1. agree or disagree .

• Some people believe that technology has made man more social. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
• Some people think that a person improves their intellectual skills more when doing group activities. To what extent do you agree? Use specific details and examples to explain your view.
• In some countries, the number of shootings increase because many people have guns at home. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Give specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
• Some people believe that international sporting events are the ideal opportunity to show the world the qualities of the hosting nation. Others believe that these events are mainly a large unjustifiable expense. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
• Crime is a big problem in the world; many believe that nothing can be done to prevent it. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Give your own opinion.
• Doing an enjoyable activity with a child can develop better skills and more creativity than reading. To what extent do you agree? Use reasons and specific examples to explain your answer.
• Improvements in health, education and trade are essential for the development of poorer nations. However, the governments of richer nations should take more responsibility for helping the poorer nations in such areas. To what extent do you agree?
• Advances in health and biology and other areas of society in the last 100 years have transformed the way we live as well as postponing the day we die. There is no better time to be alive than now. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
• The world is consuming natural resources faster than they can be renewed. Therefore, it is important that products are made to last. Governments should discourage people from constantly buying more up-to-date or fashionable products. To what extent do you agree with this statement?
• Some people believe that children’s leisure activities must be educational, otherwise, they are a complete waste of time. Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your experience.
• Many governments in the world spend large amounts of money on art, which helps to improve the quality of people’s lives. However, governments should spend money on other things rather than art. Do you agree or disagree? Give your opinion.

2. Discuss both views and give your point of view?

• NEW SEPTEMBER 2022: Some people believe that professionals such as doctors and engineers should be required to work in the country where they did their training. Others believe they should be free to work in another country if they wish. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
• Nowadays most green energy is becoming evermore prevalent in both developed and developing countries. Some argue they greatly reduce costs and are better for the environment, others believe they are a serious threat to energy security. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
• Some people are of the opinion that children should be rewarded for good behaviour. Others think they should be punished for bad behaviour. Discuss both views and give your personal opinion and reasons.
• Some people think that keeping pets is good for children while others think it is dangerous and unhealthy. Which opinion do you agree with? Discuss both options and give examples .
• Some people think that secondary school children should study international news as one of the school subjects. Other people think that it is a waste of valuable school time. What do you think? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
• Some products can be made quickly by a machine. Other items take a long time to be made by hand. As a buyer, which do you prefer and why? Give specific details and examples in your answer.
• Some people think women should be given equal chances to work and excel in their careers. Others believe that a woman’s role should be limited to taking care of the house and children. Which opinion do you agree with and why? Include specific details and examples to support your choice.
• Most schools are planning to replace sports and exercise classes with more academic sessions. How will this change affect children’s lives in your view?
• Some people think that schools have to be more entertaining, while others think that their sole purpose is to educate. Which do you agree with? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
• Some people think that it is acceptable to use animals in medical research for the benefit of human beings, while other people argue that it is wrong.
• Should humans adapt to technology or should technology be adapted to us? Is technology making us intellectually weaker or more intelligent?
• Do copyright laws limit creativity or reward it? Would society function better without such rules and regulations?
• Should education and healthcare be free of charge and funded by the government, or should it be the responsibility of the people to pay for these services? Discuss the above and give your opinion using examples.

3. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages

• Is it good for children to start using computers from an early age and spend long hours on them? Discuss the advantages and disadvantages.
• Some people think high school graduates should travel or work for a period of time instead of going directly to study at university. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of both approaches. Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

4. Two questions, for example: Why is this happening? Is this a positive or negative development?

• These days some people spend a lot of money on tickets to go to sporting or events. Do you think this is a positive or negative development ?
• Some people like to travel outside their country. Others would rather travel to tourist spots in their own country first, before travelling abroad. Which do you prefer to do and why? Include specific details and examples to support your choice.
• Women can do everything that men can and they even do it better. They also can do many things that men cannot. But it is a fact that their work is not appreciated as much as men’s, although they have to sacrifice a lot for their family and career… It is said: “A woman’s place is in the home.” What do you think?

5. Discuss the problems and possible solutions OR discuss the causes and what problems it causes?

• People are using a lot of online language translation apps. Do the benefits of this outweigh the disadvantages?
• Obesity is a serious problem in many countries, especially in rich countries. Discuss ways to solve the problem. Provide specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
• Today, the quality of life in large cities is decreasing.  Discuss the causes and solutions.
• Research shows that global warming is caused by human activity. What are the possible effects of climate change and what can governments and individuals do to reduce these?
• In many countries, recently young single people have been living far from their parents, from the time they began studies or work and until they married. Do you think there are more advantages or disadvantages to this trend?
• Traditional schooling is out of date, boring and stifles a child’s natural talents, various professionals have pushed for an education revolution. Are there alternatives in the education system? Is traditional education doing more harm than good?

Take a look at some of our writing tasks to help you prepare for your IELTS exam , and if you need more help, we have a course that is guaranteed to help you pass IELTS. Practicing IELTS writing task 2 essays is very important for your exam preparation.

Video: IELTS Band 9 Writing Sample – Body Paragraphs

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For more preparation, take a look at our latest tutorials:.

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Enhance Your Essays with Our Efficient Online IELTS Essay Checker

Practicing for IELTS Writing Task 2? You’re in the right place. But after you practice, how can you know if your essay is good? We have a tool to help! It’s called the online IELTS essay checker .

You can find it here . This tool is very easy to use. You write your essay, and our tool checks it. It tells you what mistakes you made and how to fix them. This means you can learn and get better faster. The best part? You save money.

Many students pay a lot for IELTS classes or teachers to check their essays. But our online IELTS essay checker is cheaper and works fast. You don’t have to wait! So, after you read the sample essays on this page, use our online IELTS essay checker .

It can help you see where you can do better. And it’s a good way to get ready for the IELTS exam without spending a lot of money. So, if you want to write better essays and save money, try our online IELTS essay checker .

We made it for students like you. We hope it helps you get the score you want.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

How to score band 9 in ielts writing.

You can score band 9 in IELTS writing by following these steps:

• Make sure you understand the question and answer what is being asked.
• Plan out your essay before you start writing
• Write your essay, review it and then “rewrite” it .
• Get feedback on your essays and find out where you may be losing points.
• Improve your language skills.

Read this post for more tips.

How do you write a 9 band essay?

Practice each essay type and be clear about the criteria for a perfect score. Basically, you need clear formal paragraphing, an essay that ‘flows’ logically and stays focused on the question, which is answered fully with high-level vocabulary and near-perfect grammar.

How can I get 9 in IELTS writing?

Look at model answers and memorize phrases that work for most essays – ‘In the modern world’ is a great way to start. A focus on global issues and international examples rounds out your answer and practice timed essays before the test.

Can you get 10 in IELTS?

No, the top band score is a 9. Be realistic though, some of the best universities in the world require a band 7 or 7.5 for their most challenging courses so a perfect score isn’t necessary in most situations.

IELTS Charlie

Your Guide to IELTS Band 7

IELTS Writing Task 2: Sample Essay

“In many countries nowadays, consumers can go to a supermarket and buy food produced all over the world. Do you think this is a positive or negative development?” (Cambridge IELTS Academic Book 19)

• eg fruit + veg: avocado, broccoli
• eg floods / droughts in own country -> poor harvests
• CO2 emissions

Watch me plan and write this essay. You can read the full essay below.

In recent decades, it has become increasingly easy to buy food grown overseas in local supermarkets. Overall, I think that this has been a positive change.

Being able to buy food produced in other countries means that people can enjoy a more varied diet, and this can have significant health benefits. For example, fruits and vegetables like avocadoes and broccoli, which are known to help people become more resistant to disease and cancer, can only be grown in warm climates, so consumers in cooler ones would not be able to eat them without food imports.

Secondly, the trend towards consuming food grown overseas means that countries will be less reliant on domestic food production to feed their population, thus providing them with greater food security. If a country suffers from a poor harvest, perhaps caused by floods or drought, then it may not be able to produce sufficient food on its own to supply the domestic market. Imports of food from overseas can help counteract this risk.

However, this development is not all positive. Shipping all this food via long-distance routes has a negative environmental impact due to the CO2 emitted by shipping. Nevertheless, new technologies, such as cleaner fuels, can help limit these harmful emissions.

In conclusion, although there are some negative environmental effects to this development, I do feel that overall, the positives far outweigh any downsides since the benefits of improved diet and domestic food security are quite significant.

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• Environment Vocabulary

Learning a good range of environment vocabulary is a must as the environment is one of the most common topics to feature in the IELTS exam.

It could be the main topic of your speaking test, you may be asked to write about it, or the environment could come up in either the reading or listening parts of your exam.

You might also need environment vocabulary when answering questions about other subjects such as where you live, transportation or travel.

This page includes four things to help you to prepare:

• IELTS-style questions on the topic of the environment
• Sample answers
• A list of common environment vocabulary with definitions & sample sentences
• Links to online reading and listening resources

I’ve divided this list of common environment vocabulary into different categories:

Set 1: Key definitions

Set 2: The natural world – wildlife, plant life & habitats

Set 3: The natural world – resources & the environment

Set 4: Environmental issues

Set 5: Protecting the environment

Set 6: Other useful words

You’ll find PDF downloads of both the questions and sample answers and the environment vocabulary list at the bottom of the respective sections.

The questions relate to the Speaking test because this part of the exam offers the broadest range of possible questions on the topic of the environment. They give the best opportunity for me to demonstrate the vocabulary and for you to practise using it.

I’ve included IELTS-style questions and answers for all three parts of the Speaking test. I've highlighted key words and phrases in  bold .

You'll find these words and phrases, and many others, in the vocabulary list beneath. The list also includes explanations and sample sentences and there’s an audio to listen to the pronunciation.

The environment vocabulary list contains words and phrases relevant to all parts of the IELTS exam.

Finally, at the bottom of the page I've added links to topical articles, short videos and podcasts that will help you to improve both your environment vocabulary and your reading and listening skills.

Here’s something to think about as you work through this page:

Learning vocabulary for IELTS doesn’t just involve learning new words and phrases, it’s also about how you use vocabulary to develop good answers.

IELTS-Style Speaking Test Questions and Answers

Common environment vocabulary is highlighted in  bold .

1)  Do you think pollution is a big problem nowadays?

I think it’s a massive issue. It really worries me how much damage we are doing to the natural environment , especially how we pollute the oceans with plastic waste and release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere .

2)  What do you do to prevent the environment from pollution?

I recycle as much rubbish as I can and I walk when possible rather than driving or taking public transport in order to reduce my carbon footprint .

3)  Are you worried about climate change? 

Most definitely. In my country, the weather is changing because of global warming and we get more bad storms than before. Governments and individuals need to do more to combat climate change .

4)  Do you use renewable energy?

Not at the moment. I wanted to change my house to solar power but the panels are too expensive for me to buy so, unfortunately, I still use fossil fuels .

5)  Do you take an interest in nature?

I love all wildlife . My garden is the perfect habitat for hedgehogs. They are nocturnal but if I go out after dark with a torch I sometimes see one.

Describe an environmental problem you’ve heard about.

You should say:

• how long it has existed
• how it affects people’s lives

and explain how you think the problem will develop in the future.

There are a number of serious environmental problems being covered by the media at the moment but the one I’d like to talk about is the deforestation of vast areas of rainforest to grow palm oil. I’m not sure when it started to become a concern to environmentalist but I know that they’re increasingly worried about it.

This land clearance is on a huge scale and the forest is often just burned down. This sends large amounts of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere which contribute to global warming and climate change . This affects everyone on the planet.

Just as important is the effect on the native wildlife . Deforestation to grow palm oil in Borneo and Sumatra destroys the natural habitat of orang utans as well as many other animals. Conservationists estimate that unless the situation changes, the orang utan and Sumatran tiger could become extinct in the wild in the next 5-10 years. In fact, a third of all mammal species in Indonesia are thought to be critically endangered because of this type of unsustainable development .

Furthermore, the oil palm plantations that replace the rich vegetation of the rainforest support very low levels of biodiversity and create a totally a different ecosystem . I don’t fully understand why the loss of biodiversity is such a problem but I did read somewhere that it means that our food crops are more vulnerable to pest and diseases. This could lead to serious food shortages in the future.

I think that the palm oil industry and its associated problems are going to be difficult to change. Perhaps it’s consumers who can have the biggest impact by refusing to buy products containing palm oil which is in around 40-50% of common household products in many developed countries. In the UK, there’s already one majo r food retailer that has promised to ban palm oil in its own products. This I really encouraging and I hope other companies will do the same soon.

1)  What do you consider to be the most serious environmental issues in the world today?

I’d say that global warming and climate change have to come top of the list because these threaten the very future of life on our planet. There are many contributing factors such as the burning of fossil fuels , deforestation for agriculture and due to illegal logging , and large-scale livestock farming.

Another serious concern is for the marine life in our oceans which is under serious threat from pollution , especially waste plastics. These kill or injure thousands of sea creatures every day. Many species of wildlife are also being pushed to the verge of extinction by poaching . It’s shocking to think that beautiful animals such as the tiger are dying out in the wild because of the actions of human beings.

There are many other environmental problems that we need to solve but these are the ones I believe to be the most serious.

2)  Do you think it is the responsibility of governments alone to protect the environment?

Not at all. It’s the responsibility of every individual to do their bit to protect the environment . Of course, governments can do a lot to address environmental issues through their policies and the laws they pass. I certainly think that governments should put more pressure on industry to use clean energy and to cut down on the emission of greenhouse gases that pollute the atmosphere and add to global warming .

In my country, the government encourages people to live an environmentally-friendly lifestyle by providing recycling services and facilities and subsidising renewable energy by giving grants to people wanting to run their homes on solar power . If more people took advantage of this, it would certainly help the environment.

3)  What measures can individuals take to protect the environment?

There are many ways that each of us can help to care for the natural environment . Firstly, we can recycle as much of our rubbish as possible or, even better, cut down on our use of disposable products .

Secondly, we can become more energy-efficient by insulating our homes, turning off lights when they don’t need to be on and making short journeys by bicycle or on foot rather than going by vehicle. Cutting down on car journeys also means fewer polluting exhaust fumes entering the atmosphere .

Finally, we can make sure that we know about the major conservation issues our world is currently facing. If we are well-informed then we can take action to bring about change.

These are all measure we can take as individuals to help safeguard the environment .

Click this link to get a PDF download of these practise questions & sample answers.

Download PDF Now

*  Important

• Do  not  try and learn this list of environment vocabulary.
• Identify the vocabulary you find useful for answering practise questions about environmental issues.
• Record these in your vocabulary notebook and practise using them regularly.

I recommend that you create your own answers to the Speaking questions on this page. You will find many other IELTS-style practise questions by searching online. 

For help on how to learn vocabulary, what to learn and how to record it, visit these pages:

How to Learn Vocabulary for IELTS

Top 6 Types of IELTS Vocabulary & Topic Word Lists

Environment Vocabulary  –  Common Words & Phrases

Environment Vocabulary Set 1: Key Definitions

environment – the natural world, as a whole or in a particular geographical area, especially as affected by human activity.

- Picking up litter is a simple way to help protect the environment .

environmental – relating to the natural world and concerning the impact of human activity on its condition.

-  A survey revealed a number of environmental issues concerning the development of the land for housing, most notably, that it was the habitat of a rare breed of frog.

environmentalist – a person who chooses a lifestyle that is designed to minimise their impact on the natural environment and who campaigns for environmental issues.

- Plans to build a new road alongside the lake drew fierce oppositions from environmentalists .

environmentally-friendly – not harmful to the environment.

- There are many environmentally-friendly cleaning products on the market that don’t contain chemicals that damage the environment.

natural environment – the natural world as opposed to, for example, a working environment.

- When the injured seal had been nursed back to health in the rescue centre, it was returned to its natural environment .

environmental hazard – a substance or an event which has the potential to threaten the surrounding natural  environment .

- The illegal storage of toxic waste presents a significant environmental hazard .

environmental disaster – a catastrophic event affecting the environment due to human activity.

- When the oil tanker ran aground, it caused an environmental disaster from which it took the local wildlife many years to recover.

conservation – the protection of plants, animals and natural resources, usually by planned human action.

- It was Dimitri’s dream to get a job in conservation .

conservationist – a person who takes action to protect the environment from damage caused by humans.

- Conservationists are working hard to protect the breeding grounds of sea turtles.

conservation programme – an organised plan to protect a specific natural area or aspect of the natural environment.

- Next year I’m planning to volunteer on a conservation programme in Spain which researches dolphins.

      Collocations :

• wildlife conservation   – the protection of wildlife.
• nature conservation   – work that protects natural resources including wildlife, rivers, forests and other natural landscapes.
• energy conservation – the effort made to use less energy.

Environment Vocabulary Pronunciation

Environment Vocabulary Set 2:  The natural world – wildlife, plant life & habitats

wildlife – animals that live in the wild in natural conditions. Birds, fish and insects are often included in the definition.

- Every evening, a wide variety of wildlife came to the waterhole to drink.

local wildlife – the wildlife to be found in a particular area.

- The children did a school project on their local wildlife.

native wildlife – wildlife that naturally lives in a particular area and is not there as a result of human intervention.

When cats were introduced to the island, they hunted the native wildlife and cause a rapid decline in many species.

creature – any living thing that can move independently.

There are some fascinating creatures living in the deep ocean that we know hardly anything about.

fauna – the animals of a particular region or habitat.

- The group of scientists lived in tents while studying the fauna of the remote mountain region.

flora – the plants of a particular region or habitat.

- Much of the native flora of Australia isn’t found naturally anywhere else in the world.

vegetation – the collective name for all the plants growing in a particular place or area.

- Tropical regions are known for their dense vegetation .

species – a group of animals or plants that have similar characteristics and can reproduce together.

- Lions are a species of wild cat.

• endangered species – a species that is in serious danger of extinction.
• threatened species – a species that is likely to become endangered in the near future.
• rare species – an uncommon or scarce species.
• protected species – a species which it is forbidden to harm by law.
• extinct species – a species of which there are no more alive.

ecosystem – all the living things in an environment and the complex relationship between each of them and that environment.

- Coral reefs have a delicately balanced ecosystem which can be seriously damaged by overfishing.

• delicately balanced ecosystem – an ecosystem where the loss of a key species, or several significant species, can seriously affect it.
• fragile ecosystem – an ecosystem that does not adapt easily to change and is easily destroyed by human or physical impact. 

Environment  Vocabulary Pronunciation

Mother Nature  – nature or weather considered as a force that controls all living things.

- It’s far better to try and work with  Mother Nature  than again it.

diverse  – varied and very different from one another.

- They were able to grow a  diverse  range of crops in the rich, fertile soil.

biodiversity   –   the variety of animal and plant life found in a particular place.

It is important to preserve  biodiversity  in order to protect our ecosystems.

      Collocation :

• loss of biodiversity  – when species become extinct in an area and there is no longer such a great variety of species.

ecology – the relationship between animals, plants, people and their environment in a particular area, or the study of this.

- Ben studied the coastal ecology of Lundy Island in his final year at university.

habitat – the natural home or environment of an animal, plant or other organism.

- The loss of their natural habitat through deforestation is a serious threat to the orang utan in Borneo.

to inhabit – to live in a certain place.

- The rainforest is inhabited by many different species of monkey.

natural surroundings – the habitat in which a species would naturally live.

- The best thing about going on safari is seeing the animals in their natural surroundings rather than caged up in a zoo.

to adapt   – to change or adjust in response to new conditions.

- With the loss of large areas of countryside to housing development, foxes have had to adapt to living in towns.

to evolve – change or develop gradually.

- Scientists now believe that humans evolved from apes.

evolution – the process by which living things slowly change and develop over a long period of time.

- The theory of evolution states that all life on Earth today evolved over millions of years from simple organisms.

thrive – to grow and develop well or quickly.

- The leopard seal is well adapted to the cold and thrives in the fish-rich waters of the Arctic.

marine – related to or found in the sea.

- Marine wildlife is badly affected by the amount of waste plastic in our oceans.

nocturnal – active at night.

- Almost all species of bats are nocturnal , preferring to hunt or search for food at night rather than during the day.

migrate – to move from one region or habitat to another, usually when the season changes.

- Many birds migrate south to warmer climates in the winter.

extinction – being completely destroyed so that it no longer exists.

- The dodo, a flightless bird once found in Mauritius, was hunted to extinction by 1681.

dying out – to become increasingly less common, almost to the point of extinction.

- Tigers are in serious danger of dying out in the wild.

Environment Vocabulary Set 3:  The natural world –  resources & environment

climate – the general weather conditions usually found in a particular place.

- Egypt has a hot, dry climate with very little rainfall.

climate change – a change in global or regional temperature patterns.

- Climate change has led to the melting of the polar ice caps.

• combat climate change   – to stop or reverse the effects of climate change.

- It is only by countries working together to combat climate change that we will save our planet.

natural resources – materials or substances that exist in nature, such as coal, oil, and timber,  and can be used by people.

- The success of humans as a species has been largely due to their ability to exploit the Earth’s natural resources .

Collocation :

• rich in natural resources   – having a lot of natural resources.

- It is believed that Antarctica is rich in natural resources but many fear an ecological disaster if mining is allowed to go ahead.

fossil fuels – a fuel, such as coal, oil and gas, that is formed in the earth from dead plants and animals.

- Fossil fuels give off large amounts of carbon when burned which is damaging to the atmosphere.

atmosphere – the layer of gases surrounding the Earth or any other planet.

- Asteroids usually burn up when they enter the Earth’s atmosphere .

ozone layer – a layer of the colourless gas ozone that exists high above the Earth's surface and which prevents harmful ultraviolet light from the sun from reaching the Earth.

- Without the  ozone layer , it would be very difficult for anything to survive on Earth.

carbon dioxide – a gas formed when carbon is burned, or when people or animals breathe out.

- Trees absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen which helps to keep our atmosphere healthy.

carbon monoxide – a poisonous gas formed by the burning of carbon, especially in the form of car fuel.

- You can’t smell carbon monoxide which makes it a deadly killer, so it’s important to install a carbon monoxide alarm near your gas boiler.

greenhouse gas – a gas in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, that absorbs radiation and gives off heat.

- Greenhouse gases contribute to the problem of global warming.

greenhouse effect – the gradual warming of the surface of the Earth due to greenhouse gases being trapped in the atmosphere above the Earth.

-The greenhouse effect is believed by many to be responsible for climate change.

Environment Vocabulary Set 4:  Environmental issues

erosion – the gradual wearing-away of something by the natural forces of the wind, rain and water.

- Crop rotation is important to ensure the soil isn’t left bare and subject to erosion by the wind and rain.

• coastal erosion – damage to the coastline caused mainly by waves.
• soil erosion – removal of the upper layer of the soil, mainly by water or wind.
• wind erosion – a process where soil or rocks are worn away by the wind.

deforestation – the cutting down or burning of all the trees in an area.

- Deforestation results in the loss of habitat for millions of species, leads to soil erosion and, according to scientists, is a major cause of climate change.

land clearance – the process of removing vegetation to create new areas of land suitable for farming.

- Land clearance leaves the soil bare and at risk of serious erosion.

logging – to cut down trees for their timber.

- Uncontrolled logging is destroying vast areas of our precious rainforests.

pollution – damage to water, air or land by harmful substances and waste materials.

- In some cities, the air pollution is so bad that people have to wear face masks when they go out.

to pollute – to contaminate water, air or land with harmful substances and waste materials.

- In many countries, heavy industry continues to seriously pollute the environment.

emissions – the production and discharge of something, especially gas.

- Many countries are reluctant to reduce toxic emissions  as the huge expense involved can affect the rate of economic growth.

carbon footprint – the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere as a result of the activities of a particular individual or organization.

- I have reduced my carbon footprint by cycling to work instead of driving.

global warming – a gradual increase in world temperatures caused by polluting gases, such as carbon dioxide, which are collecting in the air around the Earth and preventing heat from escaping into space.

- It’s not too late to reverse the effects of global warming but we must act right now.

• to fight / to combat / to tackle global warming – take action to reverse the effects or promote the issue of global warming.
• contribute to global warming – to add to the problem of global warming.
• the effects of global warming – the environmental changes caused by global warming such as climate change.

disposable products  – items that are intended to be thrown away after use, generally after just one or a few uses.

- When I was young, things were made to last a long time and be used over and over again, but now we live in a world of  disposable products  and have a huge waste problem.

dumping ground   –   a place where things that are not wanted are left

- If we continue treating our oceans as a  dumping ground , it will eventually become too polluted to sustain life.

acid rain  – rain rainfall made so acidic by atmospheric pollution caused by burning fossil fuels that it causes environmental harm, especially to forests and lakes.

- In Poland, large areas of forest have been destroyed by  acid rain .

to contaminate  – to make something poisonous as a result of adding waste or chemicals.

- Pesticide and fertilisers used on the field can  contaminate  rivers and kill all the fish.

degradation  – the process in which the quality of something is damaged or destroyed.

- Soil  degradation  due to over-farming means that many farmers have had to move to the cities in search of work.

depletion  – the reduction in the number or quality of something.

- Over-fishing has led to the  depletion  of the ocean’s fish stocks.

fumes  – strong, unpleasant and sometimes dangerous gas or smoke.

- Car exhaust  fumes  are a major contributor to air pollution.

smog   – a mixture of smoke, gases, and chemicals, especially in cities, that makes the atmosphere difficult to breathe and harmful for health.

- Some days the  smog  is so bad that people are forced to stay indoors.

air quality  – the extent to which the air is free of pollution.

- When the company was forced to install filters in their factories chimneys, the  air quality  in the area improved considerably.

poisonous  – having chemical properties that can cause harm or kill.

- Hundreds of people became seriously ill when  poisonous  chemicals from the nearby factory seeped into the water system.

toxic  – poisonous.

- The dumping of  toxic  waste in the ocean is totally unacceptable and must be stopped.

threat    – something or someone that is a risk or a danger.

The greatest  threat  to the environment comes from the actions of human beings.

to endanger  – to expose something to harm or destruction.

- Organised poaching is  endangering  the survival of the African rhino.

poaching  –   the illegal hunting or capturing of wild animals.

- Elephant’s valuable tusks make them a target for  poaching .

drought  – a long period when there is little or no rain.

- The severe  drought  meant that the crops failed for the second year running and many people faced starvation.

flooding   – when an area of land that is normally dry is covered with water.

- We have been told to expect more violent storms and frequent  flooding  as a result of global warming.

flash floods  – a sudden, local flood caused by very heavy rainfall.

- The  flash flood  washed a whole village from the hillside, killing dozens of people.

Environment Vocabulary Set 5:  Protecting the environment

to protect – keep safe from harm, injury or damage.

- Many charities have been set up around the world for the purpose of protecting endangered species.

to preserve – to keep something as it is

If we don’t take steps to preserve the environment, we will lose some important natural habitats in the very near future.

• wildlife preservation – the practice of protecting wild plant and animal species and their habitats.

to recycle – to collect waste materials and process them to create new materials and products that can be used again.

- We can dramatically reduce the amount of rubbish we send to landfill sites by recycling our waste plastic.

biodegradable – able to decompose naturally without harming or polluting the environment.

- I always try to buy products with biodegradable packaging.

carbon-neutral – replacing the same amount of carbon dioxide as we produce through actions such as planting trees.

- Becoming carbon-neutral is something for both individuals and industries to work towards.

sustainable – involving methods that do not use up or destroy natural resources.

- With advances in technology, it is hoped that we will eventually be able to replace fossil fuels with sustainable energy sources.

sustainability – the idea that we should meet our own needs in ways that do not damage the environment and that do not use resources that cannot be replaced.

- It is encouraging to see an increasing number of companies making a commitment to environmental sustainability .

renewable energy – energy from a source that is not depleted when used.

- Where I live, both solar power and wind power are important sources of renewable energy .

solar power – power obtained by harnessing the energy of the sun's rays.

- Hussan fitted solar panels to his roof last year and is now able to produce all the energy he needs to run his home from solar power .

energy-efficient – using only as much energy as is needed without any waste.

- When I buy a new appliance, I look for one that is energy-efficient as it will be cheaper to run and be more environmentally-friendly.

wind turbine –   a tall structure with blades that are blown round by the wind and produce power to make electricity.

- Many farmers in my area have installed wind turbines to provide the electricity they need.

wind farm – a group of wind turbines.

- We were horrified when they got permission to build a wind farm in our beautiful countryside, but we’re used to it now and understand how important it is to generate renewable energy.

clean energy – energy produced from renewable energy resources and which doesn’t produce emissions that contribute to global warming.

- Scientists predict that clean energy could reliably and affordably provide up to 80 per cent of U.S. electricity by 2050.

organic farming – farming without the use of synthetic chemicals.

- Concern for the environment is leading to changes in agricultural methods and especially to a greater interest in organic farming .

afforestation – the action of planting trees on an area of land in order to make a forest.

- Afforestation is vital if we are to reduce the carbon-dioxide levels in the atmosphere.

to go green – to choose an environmentally-friendly lifestyle.

- In an attempt to go green , my family is recycling everything we can and we no longer buy bottled water.

on foot – to walk rather than use a form of transport.

- When the weather is fine, I go to work on foot rather than catching the bus.

safeguard – take action to protect something from harm or damage.

- It is the responsibility of all of us to safeguard the environment for future generations.

Environment Vocabulary Set 6:  Other useful words

urban   – relating to, or characteristic of a town or city.

- In the UK, foxes thrive in  urban  areas and can often be seen on the streets at night.

rural   – in, relating to, or characteristic of the countryside rather than the town.

- I was born in a small village and still prefer to live in a  rural  area.

Click this link to get a PDF download of this list of environment vocabulary.

Ways to Improve Your Environment Vocabulary

One of the best ways to improve your vocabulary is through reading. Watching topic related YouTube videos and listening to podcasts is also hugely beneficial.

Here are some online resources I recommend.

Environment Articles

BBC News – Science & Environment  

New Scientist

The Economist – Science & Technology  (3 free articles a week when you sign up) 

World Wildlife Fund

I love TED Talks. They are short videos with a powerful message and are generally very interesting. They’re ideal for improving your vocabulary and give valuable listening skills practise.

Search  YouTube TED Talks - Environment  to help you improve your environment vocabulary.

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Capitalisation: When to Use Big Letters in English

Do you know when to use big and small letters in English? Learn 6 easy rules for English capitalisation and improve your IELTS Writing scores.

Capital letters are big letters that we use at the beginning of sentences. When you use capital letters correctly, it’s easier for people to understand your writing. It also makes your writing look professional.   

Let’s look at some of the basic rules for English capitalisation.  

Rule 1: Use capital letters at the beginning of a sentence

In English, we always use a capital letter to start a new sentence. 

Example:  

✓ H e usually starts work at 9 o’clock. 

× he usually starts work at 9 o’clock. 

Rule 2: Use capital letters for names

We always use capitals for the first letter of a proper noun. A proper noun is the name of a specific person, place or thing. Some examples of proper nouns are the names of people, countries and companies. 

✓ T aylor S wift ✓ B ill G ates ✓ A ustralia ✓ T ower B ridge ✓ V odafone   

× taylor swift × bill gates × australia  × tower bridge × vodafone   

Sometimes brands or product names don’t follow these rules. For example, iPhone uses a small i and then a capital P . 

Rule 3: Use capital letters for languages and nationalities

We always use a capital letter for the first letter of a language or a nationality. 

✓ He speaks A rabic. 

× He speaks arabic. 

✓ She’s A ustralian. 

× She’s australian. 

We also use capital letters when we describe people or things from a country, region or city. 

✓ I love C hinese food. 

× I love chinese food.  

✓ Many N ew Y orkers take the subway to work. 

× Many new yorkers take the subway to work. 

Rule 4: Use capital letters for a person’s title

In formal situations, we often use a title before someone’s surname. Titles are always capitalised in English. 

✓ M r. Gates  ✓ M s. Swift   ✓ Mrs. Williams ✓ D r. Murphy 

× mr. Gates  × ms. Swift   × mrs. Williams  ×  dr. Murphy 

Rule 5: Use capital letters for days, months and holidays

We always capitalise months and days of the week. 

✓ See you on W ednesday. 

× See you on wednesday. 

✓ She’s going to Canada in M arch. 

× She’s going to Canada in march.  

We also use capital letters for special celebrations or holidays. 

✓ C hristmas    M other’s Day      L abour Day   

× christmas     mother’s day     labour day 

Seasons are not capitalised in English: spring, summer, autumn and winter.  

Rule 6: Use a capital letter for the pronoun ‘I’

In English, we always capitalise the letter ‘i’ when we use it as a pronoun to write about ourselves.  

For example:  

✓ Sam and I play tennis on Saturdays. 

× Sam and i play tennis on Saturdays. 

✓ Should I bring anything? 

× Should i bring anything? 

QUIZ: Capitalisation

Do you feel more confident about using capital letters in English now? Test yourself by taking our capitalisation rules quiz below and see how much you remember! 

Quiz questions:

Find and correct ONE mistake in each sentence. 

Is your birthday in september? 

Can i help you? 

I have an appointment with dr. Anderson. 

I’m learning japanese. 

where do you live? 

Hi, I’m maria. 

We had dinner at an indian restaurant.  

The nile is the longest river in the world. 

What are you doing for christmas? 

He works for samsung.  

Is your birthday in S eptember? 

Can I help you? 

I have an appointment with D r. Anderson. 

I’m learning J apanese. 

W here do you live? 

Hi, I’m M aria. 

We had dinner at an I ndian restaurant.  

The N ile is the longest river in the world. 

What are you doing for C hristmas? 

He works for S amsung. 

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Published on September 09, 2024

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