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Writing out a speech from notes Crossword Clue

Here is the answer for the crossword clue Writing out a speech from notes last seen in Family Time puzzle. We have found 40 possible answers for this clue in our database. Among them, one solution stands out with a 98% match which has a length of 12 letters. We think the likely answer to this clue is TRANSCRIBING .

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Taking notes from speech note-taking techniques.

Taking notes from speech (in a lecture, tutorial or from recorded audio) can be difficult because it may not be possible to ask the speaker to repeat their words.

You may find yourself writing as fast as you can and still missing potentially important points.

• If you are given a handout at a tutorial, use this as the framework for taking your own notes.
• Try to find out what the subject will be beforehand so you're less likely to be taken by surprise and miss things. Read any relevant study material or notes.
• Become accustomed to listening intently. The speaker may signpost significant moments by saying things such as: "I will discuss three main ways in which ...", or "I would like to move on to another topic...".
• Be wary of noting down as fact what a speaker might mention as an example of a contentious view.
• Become used to thinking actively about what you are listening to. You probably don't need to take notes on everything so get used to identifying what does need to be noted down and what you can let go.
• Create a wide margin down one side of the notepaper you use to take notes. Later on, when you look at your notes again, use the margin area to précis or add extra notes.
• Of course you can rewind recorded audio when taking notes from it, but try not to do too much of this as it can take a lot of time.
• Try to re-read your notes soon after taking them. This will help to embed the content in your memory.

Do you write or draw your notes?

The notes shown in the images below were made by two students attending a tutorial about social inclusion and special educational needs. You can see their different ways of capturing the relevant information. Prior to the tutorial the students were told which chapters and study topics to read - preparation is worth doing as it helps you to concentrate on the key points during a tutorial.

This student summarised the key points and organised the themes into clusters of ideas. The student also noted down useful references. However, the notes are incomplete and should be expanded when the student revisits them.

The references listed at the bottom of the notes are not given in full and this would make them difficult to follow up later. So it's a good idea to add the full details to your notes as soon as you can.

The references when written out in full should look a little like this (be sure to check your module instructions on the formatting of references).

• Duffy, M. (2000) ‘Beyond the call of duty’  Times Educational supplement,  15 September.
• Her Majesty’s Stationery Office (2003)  21st century skills: realising our potential , London: HMSO.
• TeacherNet (2002)  Qualifications for teaching assistants.  http://www.teachernet.gov.uk/_doc/3086/

This student has used a flow chart to link the notes and make connections. It shows the same information, but the details are set out as a diagram.

Some people find it much easier to remember and understand information if it is mapped out in this way. Whichever method you adopt, you still need to revisit your notes to make sure they are well organised and coherent for you.

Last updated 8 months ago

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How to Prepare Notes for Public Speaking

Last Updated: May 21, 2023 Fact Checked

This article was co-authored by Deb DiSandro . Deb DiSandro is the Owner of Speak Up On Purpose, an organization dedicated to improving and teaching public speaking. Deb has over 30 years of experience as a national speaker and has presented at the Erma Bombeck Writer’s Conference and the National Society of Newspaper Columnists. She was awarded the National Speakers Association Member of the Year 2007 and has been published in Writer's Digest, Daily Herald, Women's Day, and Better Homes & Gardens. There are 10 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 245,138 times.

You have to give a speech, and you wonder how you can give it without staring at a piece of paper. Rather than memorize the words, you can use notes. Notes are easy to make. First, write and refine your speech. Pick out keywords that represent the main ideas of your speech and write them on notecards. Finish filling out the notecards with important talking points. Good notes make you sound natural as a speaker while having a safety net in case you get lost.

Creating and Breaking Down Your Speech

• This is a draft. Pay attention to word choice and sentence structure. Make it as good as possible, but remember that you'll be able to fix any mistakes before you make your notes.
• Get all of your ideas on paper. It doesn't matter if they're crazy, inspiring, or weird. You have a chance to perfect what doesn't work later on. [2] X Research source

• It's a good idea to time yourself while you do this. That way, you'll know when you need to cut down your speech's length.
• Learn transitional phrases to help your speech flow naturally. [4] X Research source

• Highlight things that worked from your first draft and areas that you want to keep that need to be reworded.

• Record your own speech and listen to the phrases and pacing. Listen for any awkward phrases and try to smooth them out in the next draft.
• If you know someone who's given a public speech before, ask them to listen. They will have more experience and will be less biased.

Making Your Notes

• For example, you are speaking about the life of a politician. You can use the word “Military” to show yourself when it's time to talk about their military experience.
• Images can also help solidify the order of your speech. Visualize uniformed soldiers marching in unison and you won't forget you need to talk about military training.
• Write out the first words of your transition sentences to help keep yourself on track.

• For example, if you need to introduce your second idea at the three minute mark, write three minutes on the card containing that idea.

• Write the words in a pen that's legible to you. Black or blue ink works best.
• If you have bad handwriting, you can type out your notes. Cut and glue them onto your notes or print them directly by using the “Size” option in the “Print Layout” tab.

• For example, write out “award” or “Purple Heart” to remind yourself to mention the awards someone earned in service.

• For instance, write down “75% pass” if you need to inform your audience how many people pass a class.

• Customize the color code to whatever works best for you.
• This works best if you color code while you practice your speech, but it could be distracting or confusing by the time you give the speech.

• You can also bind the cards together. Use a drill or hole punch on the upper left corner of the notes. Loop a string through them. They'll be easy to flip and can't be mixed up.
• However, make sure the flipping of the notecards is not distracting to the audience.

Rehearsing Your Speech

• Memorizing a speech word-for-word is unhelpful because the audience can tell that you're reciting a script. Only use memorization and scripted words if you're painting a picture with your words or you need to tell a joke with comedic timing.

• Because you are using a minimal outline, your speech will sound a little different every time. However, it'll also sound more natural.

• You can time yourself again while giving the speech so you know exactly how long it is rather than making a guess. It can show you when you're going off-script too much. Keep in mind when you give the speech, you're bound to talk faster and the speech will be shorter.

Community Q&A

• Research name pronunciations before writing your speech. Thanks Helpful 4 Not Helpful 1
• Try to have 3 main points in the middle of your speech so the audience remembers it well. You can back these points up with further information or quotes. Thanks Helpful 4 Not Helpful 1
• Look at your card quickly and smoothly. Keep your thumb next to the line on your note card so you don't lose your place. Thanks Helpful 3 Not Helpful 1

• When using visual aids, make them sparse and with few words. Visual aids are supposed to be for the audience. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 1

Things You'll Need

• Blue or black pen
• Colored highlighters
• Index cards

You Might Also Like

• ↑ https://pac.org/content/speechwriting-101-writing-effective-speech
• ↑ https://wrd.as.uky.edu/sites/default/files/1-Shitty%20First%20Drafts.pdf
• ↑ http://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/speeches/
• ↑ https://open.lib.umn.edu/publicspeaking/chapter/10-2-keeping-your-speech-moving/
• ↑ https://www.unr.edu/writing-speaking-center/student-resources/writing-speaking-resources/editing-and-proofreading-techniques
• ↑ http://www.washington.edu/doit/presentation-tips-0
• ↑ https://examples.yourdictionary.com/keyword-outline-examples.html
• ↑ http://academics.umw.edu/speaking/resources/handouts/preparing-speaking-notes/
• ↑ https://www.ted.com/participate/organize-a-local-tedx-event/tedx-organizer-guide/speakers-program/prepare-your-speaker/rehearsals
• ↑ https://www.student.unsw.edu.au/speaking-audience

About This Article

Public speaking can be scary, but using notes can increase your confidence and make it a little easier. To prepare notes for public speaking, begin by writing your speech. Once you’ve written the first draft, read the speech out loud and make any necessary changes so it sounds smooth. When you’re happy with your speech, translate it into notes by highlighting keywords to mark where each new idea begins. Then, write one keyword per notecard. Make sure your writing is clear so you can read it easily as you speak! If you need to remember specific details or statistics, include these on your notecards. For example, you could write ”75%” in your notes if you need to tell the audience how many people pass a class. When you’ve finished making your notes, number each one to avoid getting them mixed up. For more information from our Public Speaking co-author, like how to practice your speech, read on! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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How to Use Notes When Public Speaking Without Losing Your Audience

Your notes shouldn't become the focus of your presentation..

As a professional speaker and speaking coach, I rarely refer to notes while I'm actually speaking, and that's for three reasons: First, it's my job to know my content inside and out. Second, because my presentations are interactive , I have multiple opportunities to check my notes while my audience is doing an activity or having a discussion. Third, having spent seven years performing improvisational comedy , I can usually "wing it" for a few minutes until I gather my thoughts, without the audience noticing.

But if you're not a professional speaker, an interactive workshop leader, or an improvisational comedian, you may find that you need notes to feel more confident presenting. And if you're not lucky enough to have a "confidence monitor" (that flat screen at the foot of the stage that allows a speaker to see his slides without breaking eye contact with the audience) you may have to rely on old-fashioned paper to bring up with you.

Here are 10 tips for successfully speaking with notes so that you're still connecting with the audience more than you're connecting to that piece of paper.

1. Look polished

Make sure any hand-held notes look crisp and professional from the audience's perspective. Don't bring a stack of crumpled up papers with you. Use clean pieces of white computer paper or index cards, on which the ink isn't visible from the back of the page.

2. Write big

Write your notes in large enough font that you can simply glance at them and access the information you need. You don't want to be squinting and scanning the page for the next thing you're trying to say.

3. Number them

Write large page numbers on each sheet of paper or index card. That way, if they get shuffled or out of order, you can quickly find your place.

4. Practice 

If your presentation requires you to stand at a podium, practice delivering the presentation so that you're referencing your notes as rarely as possible. Your rehearsal should also prepare you for when you move to the next page. Avoid turning pages in the middle of an important idea, a quotation or a story. Look for natural breaks between main points to turn the page.

5. Plan your moves

If you're going to be moving during the presentation (which I highly recommend), put your notes down on a table or a podium when you're not using them, as long as you won't need them frequently. It's more distracting to watch you keep walking over to pick them up from a table then for you to just hold them in one hand. 

6. Choose the right (or left) hand

While you're using notes, hold them in your nondominant hand. Anchor that elbow to your waist and hold your notes firmly, with limited movement. Use your other hand to gesture. Don't gesture with the hand holding your notes--the flapping paper or pile of cards will be a distraction to your audience. 

7. Don't read

Your notes shouldn't serve as a script you're reading verbatim. Look at your notes, scan them quickly, and then turn your eye contact back to the audience and resume speaking. Otherwise you'll look like your audience is your stack of index cards. 

An exception to "don't read your notes" is when you want to make it clear that you're deliberately reading for the sake of accuracy, such as offering an important statistic or a direct quotation. You might even signal this to the audience by saying something like, "I'd like to read our Vision Statement aloud so that we're all clear on where we're going."

8. Distract from the notes

Think of your notes as a bright shiny object. Chances are, your eyes and your audience's eyes will be drawn to those notes are unless you use them carefully, strategically, and infrequently. Make up for the use of notes with powerful body language and vocal variety.

9. Challenge your assumption

Many presenters discover that their notes are like a security blanket--they thought they needed them for comfort and reassurance, but they realized that they never looked at them throughout the presentation. If you don't need them, don't bring them up with you.

10. Don't apologize

You may wish you didn't need notes, but if you do, then use them without apology. Saying, "I'm sorry that I have my notes up here with me" or "there's too much for me to remember" or, worst of all, "I didn't have time to prepare" undermines your credibility, insults your audience, and draws attention to something you'd rather not highlight.

Mark Twain once wrote: "It usually takes me more than three weeks to prepare a good impromptu speech." Make sure you put the time, energy, and effort into looking and sounding comfortable, prepared, and confident-- even if you're using notes.

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To write, type or print out fully from speech, notes etc

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[ tran- skrahyb ]

verb (used with object)

• to make a written copy, especially a typewritten copy, of (dictated material, notes taken during a lecture, or other spoken material).
• to make an exact copy of (a document, text, etc.).

to transcribe Chinese into English characters.

• Phonetics. to represent (speech sounds) in written phonetic or phonemic symbols.
• Radio. to make a recording of (a program, announcement, etc.) for broadcasting.
• Music. to arrange (a composition) for a medium other than that for which it was originally written.
• Genetics. to effect genetic transcription of (a DNA molecule template).

/ trænˈskraɪb /

• to write, type, or print out fully from speech, notes, etc
• to make a phonetic transcription of
• to transliterate or translate
• to make an electrical recording of (a programme or speech) for a later broadcast
• music to rewrite (a piece of music) for an instrument or medium other than that originally intended; arrange
• to transfer (information) from one storage device, such as punched cards, to another, such as magnetic tape
• to transfer (information) from a computer to an external storage device
• usually passive biochem to convert the genetic information in (a strand of DNA) into a strand of RNA, esp messenger RNA See also genetic code translate

Derived Forms

• tranˈscriber , noun
• tranˈscribable , adjective

Other Words From

• tran·scriber noun
• mistran·scribe verb (used with object) mistranscribed mistranscribing
• nontran·scribing adjective
• pretran·scribe verb (used with object) pretranscribed pretranscribing
• retran·scribe verb (used with object) retranscribed retranscribing
• untran·scribed adjective

Word History and Origins

Origin of transcribe 1

Example Sentences

With this new integration, Otter Assistant can now join and transcribe meetings on more platforms, even if the Otter user is not attending the meeting.

Students’ conversations and debates are recorded, transcribed and collated in a computing cloud that helps teachers tailor lesson plans based on how classmates are interacting with each other.

At the end of a trip, sit down and transcribe it into a journal, or just leave it as audio notes.

As in later jobs, he often communicated to staff with memos that were dictated into a recording device and transcribed by secretaries.

Another two years went by before the IRS started electronically transcribing the forms.

And we could make copies of these digital files on our computers and transcribe anywhere anytime we wanted.

Have one friend with the tendency to transcribe her day from breakfast to bed?

This glass is now lost, and I transcribe the verses from a detailed description of this chateau published at Paris.

I shall, therefore, transcribe from his book some of the most important remarks bearing on this matter.

We will only transcribe from it one phrase, as explicit as it is short.

One of her first tasks was to transcribe the just written fourth act of Prometheus Unbound.

A few days afterwards I received from Diderot the note I am going to transcribe.

Related Words

Look up a word, learn it forever.

/træntˈskraɪb/, /trænˈskraɪb/.

Other forms: transcribed; transcribing; transcribes

If someone asks you to transcribe something, they want you to listen to it and write down what was said, word for word. Speeches, interviews, and trials are often transcribed for records.

From the Latin transcribere , which means “to copy, write over, or transfer,” the verb transcribe means just that: to write out a copy. You might want to transcribe a recording of an interview onto paper, or maybe you need to transcribe all the notes you collected from an important meeting. If you can remember that trans means “over” and that a scribe is a writer, you shouldn’t forget this word. Fun fact: to transcribe poorly is to transcribble .

• verb write out from speech, notes, etc. “ Transcribe the oral history of this tribe” see more see less type of: get down , put down , set down , write down put down in writing; of texts, musical compositions, etc.
• verb make a phonetic transcription of “The anthropologist transcribed the sentences of the native informant” see more see less type of: rewrite write differently; alter the writing of
• verb rewrite in a different script synonyms: transliterate see more see less types: Latinise , Latinize , Romanise , Romanize write in the Latin alphabet braille transcribe in braille type of: rewrite write differently; alter the writing of
• verb rewrite or arrange a piece of music for an instrument or medium other than that originally intended see more see less type of: accommodate , adapt make fit for, or change to suit a new purpose
• verb convert the genetic information in (a strand of DNA) into a strand of RNA, especially messenger RNA see more see less type of: convert change the nature, purpose, or function of something

Vocabulary lists containing transcribe

Learn these words derives from the Latin verb scribere , meaning "write."

In this essay, novelist Amy traces her development as a writer by reflecting on the ways she and her mother use English differently. Here are links to our lists for The Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan.

Where there's a will, there's a motive to solve a murder. When eccentric millionaire Sam Westing dies, he leaves instructions for sixteen people to come to the reading of his will. With a fortune on the line, Westing's death becomes a puzzle they'll race to solve.

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Whether you’re a teacher or a learner, vocabulary.com can put you or your class on the path to systematic vocabulary improvement..

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How to Use Notes in a Speech: A Guide for Speakers

Only one of the following statements is true. Do you know which one?

• You should never use notes because you will look unprepared.
• You should always use notes because memorization weakens your delivery.
• You should never use slide text as notes.

In this article, we identify scenarios where a full script is warranted or where memorization is advisable. For all your speaking scenarios in the middle, we discuss 21 tips for using notes effectively .

Full Script, Notes, or Nothing at all?

A previous Six Minutes article ( how to read a speech ) identified several speaking scenarios where reading a full script may be required or preferred :

You are speaking at a highly  formal occasion  (e.g. a commencement speech) You are delivering a particularly  emotional speech  (e.g. a wedding speech, a eulogy) You are forced to read word-for-word by  lawyers or campaign managers  (e.g. a corporate statement; a political speech) A  speechwriter  has written your speech. Life  prevented you from preparing  adequately. (Don’t let this happen often… your speech really would go better if you prepare.) You are a brand new speaker, and  you haven’t developed the confidence  yet to go without a script.

Likewise, there are speaking scenarios where it is highly desirable to avoid any notes  and memorize your speech instead:

• You are giving a TED talk  (or speaking at a similar “ballroom” event) where you’ve got twenty minutes or less. These events set a high bar for preparation.
• You are pitching to investors, potential customers, potential employers, or any type of career-shaping presentation . I would include many academic and industry conferences in this group, although some may have a less rigorous culture.
• You are offering a short toast .
• You are completing a course speech assignment, and you are not allowed to have notes.
• Your speech is so short (~ six minutes or less) that you ought to be able to deliver without notes.

If we eliminate those two extremes (full script and no notes at all), we are left with a majority of speaking scenarios where using notes is perfectly acceptable . These include:

• You are teaching a course, which is several hours or days in length.
• You are delivering a keynote address or some other lengthy speech at a conference.
• You are delivering a lunch-time seminar.
• You are addressing a service club or community group.
• You are delivering a webinar.
• You are doing a routine presentation at your workplace.
• Any other scenario where your speech is too long to memorize, but not formal enough to demand a full script .

If you are ever concerned about the culture and expectations for an event at which you are speaking, consult with the organizers. If this isn’t possible, err on the side of caution and be prepared to present either without notes or with absolute minimal notes.

Tips for Using Notes Effectively

If you decide to use notes for your presentation, you still have several choices to make. What medium do you choose? Can you use slide bullets for notes? Does it matter how your notes are formatted? What messages can you pass yourself within the notes? How do you deliver with notes in a way that doesn’t hamper your impact?

Choose the medium that suits your style.

“ The purpose of notes is to jog your memory, not provide lengthy passages to read. ”

• Use a classic: index cards. Many speakers–from elementary school students to career professionals–swear by index cards. If this is what you like, invest in a good hole punch and link all the cards together with a metal ring. This prevents the disastrous “Oh my! My cards are out-of-order” phenomenon.
• Go big (or at least letter-sized). Some people prefer using legal pads or standard letter-sized paper. The main advantage is that you can fit more on a page, so you won’t need to flip pages very often. For many presentations, a single one-sided page is all you’ll need.  [This is my personal preference.]
• Go little: sticky notes. I’ve seen a couple professional trainers work from a large cardboard “palette” covered with many little colored sticky notes, each with a word or phrase. As each topic was covered, the trainer adeptly moved the corresponding note to the “done” pile to keep track of what they had covered. This allows a highly adaptive presentation style where you can cover content in an audience-driven order or not-at-all.
• Go digital with a tablet. There are countless note-taking or outline apps that can do the job for you. Some people love that it’s paper-less; others worry about the device staying charged long enough to be useful. Having to “swipe” your device back on from a black screen every time you need to consult your notes could be annoying, for you and your audience.
• Use presentation software… but do it properly. If you are presenting visuals, then the notes feature of your presentation software (e.g. PowerPoint) can be used in two distinct ways. In the first method, you can print out a set of “notes pages” which combine the slide content with your notes content. In the second method, you can use “Presenter View” to display your slides for the audience and, simultaneously, your slides and notes for you. For a well-rehearsed speaker, this can work very well. (Don’t show up at the event expecting to learn it on the fly!) Finally, do not ever use text on slides themselves as your notes. Audiences universally hate this.

Design your notes for easy consumption.

“ Do not ever use text on slides themselves as your notes. Audiences universally hate this. ”

• Minimize the words. Remember that the purpose of notes is to jog your memory, not provide lengthy passages to read. Don’t use sentences; use keywords or phrases instead. For example, you might distill an entire talk into short notes like “crutch metaphor”, “dentist story”, or “personnel strategy”. Verbose notes leads to two equally bad outcomes: [1] lots of reading, and [2] a high likelihood that you’ll get lost in your notes.
• Maximize scan-ability. Regardless of which medium you choose, be sure to type or print as neatly as possible. The last thing you need to do during your presentation is to decipher a messy or handwritten notes page. Use the largest font you can, and plenty of white space.
• Format wisely to provide clues. Used strategically, formatting such as bold, italics, underline, and color or size variations allows you to convey meaning to your future self.
• Adjust with colored pens or highlighters. Let’s say you’ve got a nicely printed notes page, but while rehearsing you realize that it’s missing a few words or some emphasis. A little touch-up with a colored pen or highlighter will fix it. Avoid using light pencils as it can be hard to read and it is prone to smudge.
• Use meaningful layout. Mirror your speech outline in the notes. Assuming you’ve distilled each point (paragraph), anecdote, or story down to a few words, these can still be displayed in a hierarchy that mirrors your speech outline.
• Organize in whatever style works for you. Don’t be afraid to use any organization scheme that works for you. One of my speaking mentors sometimes uses a single-page mind map as her “notes” page. I don’t think this method would work for me, but it worked wonderfully for her. Experiment!

Use notes for strategic purposes.

• Use notes for other people’s words. You can memorize quotations or a short excerpt of another work (e.g. a poem, story, or news article). However, there’s virtually no down side to reading it from your notes instead. An added bonus is that it signifies the respect you have for the other author.
• Aim for precision. Similarly, facts, statistics, and definitions can be memorized (and definitely should be if they are used in your speech opening), but it’s often safer to just put them in your notes. Reading a statistic from a note (as opposed to memorizing it) signals that you value truth and precision over appearing polished and “smart”.
• Remind yourself to interact with audience. In the past, I was prone to forgetting things like polling the audience, or doing a brainstorm exercise on a flip chart. (I think these items are easy to forget because they are always skipped during rehearsal.) So, I developed a habit of inserting clues like “[POLL AUDIENCE!!!]” or “[FLIP CHART]” in my notes to remind me.
• Remind yourself about timing or logistics. When I teach courses that last several hours, my lesson plan includes a rough timing breakdown which tells me that I should complete the first section in twenty minutes, or complete the group exercise by the ninety minute mark, and so on. I insert these timing reminders right into my notes, and I do the same for other logistical reminders such as “[STRETCH BREAK]” or “[DISTRIBUTE 2nd HANDOUT]”.
• Spell unfamiliar words phonetically to aid pronunciation. In a 1963 speech from Berlin, U.S. President John F. Kennedy uttered the famous phrase “ Ich bin ein Berliner ” (I am a Berliner). President Kennedy desired to pronounce this phrase correctly, so he wrote the words out phonetically: “ Ish bin ein Bearleener ” (his handwriting is shown in the photograph below). Though I don’t recommend handwriting today, I’ve often used this trick as a Master of Ceremonies to avoid pronunciation mistakes when introducing other speakers.

Handwriting of President John F. Kennedy to indicate the correct pronunciation of several speech phrases.

Deliver with confidence.

• Don’t apologize for having notes. It’s okay to have notes. Really! I cringe whenever a speaker apologizes for “needing” notes… not because the apology is so tragic, but rather because it usually signifies a lack of confidence. Prepare and deliver to the best of your ability, and skip the apologies.
• Practice with your notes, and revise as necessary. Just as with visuals, props, or anything else you intend on having with you during your presentation, rehearse with your notes. As you practice, add keywords to your notes if there’s a point, a story, a transition, or anything else you tend to forget. If you’ve never used “Presenter Mode” with slides before, then practice!! I’ve seen dozens of people launch into this mode without any prior preparation, and it usually kills a few minutes pointlessly.
• Glance at your notes at natural breaks. When you are speaking, try to keep your eyes up on your audience. Take advantage of natural pauses to refer briefly to your notes. For example, when I teach courses, I tend to glance down  just after  I change the slide. At that moment, the audience will direct their attention to the new slide, so this is a perfect opportunity. Once you’ve finished, bring your head back up and begin speaking again.
• Avoid glancing at your notes at critical moments. Your opening, closing, and any other “core moment” should be delivered with confidence, and glancing at your notes at this time will detract.
• Put your notes down… if there’s a place to put them. If you carry your notes around, it can be a visual or auditory distraction. Also, if you’ve got anything in your hands for a long period of time, it tends to limit natural gestures. If there’s a lectern, table, or any convenient surface, that will work. But if there is literally no where to put the notes, then just hold your notes in your hand. (Don’t put them on the floor. Bending down repeatedly will lead to awkward moments that are best avoided.)

Put in into Practice

Think about the next presentation you are scheduled to deliver.

• Are notes appropriate for this setting?
• How can you improve the content of your notes?
• Do you have quotations, facts, or other content that can go into notes to lessen your cognitive burden?
• Is today the day you will learn how to use Presenter Mode in your presentation software?

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Your Complete Guide to Making Public Speaking Notes Work for YOU

by Jezra on December 5, 2019

Whether you’re speaking for business or in a community setting, it helps to know the points you want to make in advance .

And once you’ve done that thinking, speaking notes will help you remember what you planned to say.

Lots of people have been sold on the idea that speaking without notes makes you look more professional. But when public speaking notes are “just right” — when they have the exact information you need —  you can speak with calm assuredness.

And there’s nothing more professional than that!

What Are “Just Right” Public Speaking Notes?

IMHO, they’re a mix of four possibilities:

• Exact words , for when you need to say something precisely
• Bullet points, for when you need to include specific details
• Prompts , for when you just need to remember what comes next
• Images , if reading isn’t your strength or you prefer to “read” pictures

The key is to  mix and match   these categories when you’re creating speaking notes, so that you have the right level of notes (the right amount of information) for every point you’re making:

Use Exact Words for Things that Have to Be Said Precisely

Sometimes, every word counts. For example, if I’m speaking to women lawyers, I will make the following point using these exact words:

When the U.S. Supreme Court decided, in 1873, that women should not be allowed to practice law,  the Chief Justice wrote: “The natural and proper timidity and delicacy which belongs to the female sex evidently unfits it for many of the occupations of civil life.”

Why would I say that exactly as I wrote it? Because I want this point to be clear, concise, but hard-hitting — and using pre-determined words (rather than searching for them in real time) let’s me focus on my delivery instead of on  which words I’m going to say.

Use Bullets When You Just Need to Remember the Details

Then there are times when it doesn’t matter what words you use, but it’s important to not leave anything out. In this case, you probably need bullet points . If I want to tell you how to drive from Brooklyn, NY to my brother’s house in Brookline, MA, my speaking notes might look like this:

• Whitestone to Hutch
• 95 to 91 to 84 (Rein’s)
• 90 to 9 to Chestnut Hill Ave.

Why are these notes so terse? Because — even if I end up telling you 15 things about how to drive this route, or go into a long discussion of what to have for lunch when you stop at Rein’s Deli —  these notes contain everything I need to be sure I haven’t left out a crucial step.  (And remember, these are  my  notes. Yours would look totally different, because making notes “just right” means making them  just right for  you !)

Use Prompts When You Only Need to Know What Comes Next

If you’ve read my public speaking workbook, Speak Like Yourself…No, Really! , you might remember a story about how I used the Instant Speech format to persuade my then-16-year-old daughter to never again come home alone on the New York City subways at midnight. (Yes, she was persuaded, at least for a few months.)

What notes do I need to tell this story as part of a keynote speech or workshop?

Well, since I can tell it in my sleep (I’ve told it often!), I don’t need bullets to remind me of what to include, and I definitely don’t need to write the whole thing out . All I need is a  cue word or phrase  to remind me of where the story goes in my talk, like this:

Use Images Instead of Speaking Notes if You’re Primarily Visual

You may be aware that there are many types of intelligence, and one of them is visual. If you prefer to get information from images, try creating a “storyboard” instead of a  script. 

A storyboard is very similar to a scaled-down graphic novel or comic book. A story told in pictures gives you all the benefits discussed above except how to say something word for word. (For the rare times you need to do that, write out your words in a VERY LARGE FONT. Then practice them out loud at least 10 times so you’re not actually reading when you give your talk, just using them as a reminder.)

If You Don’t Know How Much Information You Need, Start with Too Much and Then Cut Back

Often — and particularly when I’ll be presenting new ideas — I start by writing everything out. Then, as I practice (over and over again, out loud) , I gradually cut out the parts of my notes that I don’t need. I’ll probably need most of my speaking notes the first time I practice out loud. But pretty soon, as the ideas start to sink in (that’s called internalizing ), I’ll find that there are whole sections I don’t need to read, where I can just use bullets or a prompt.

Cutting back on excess words doesn’t have to be an elaborate or time-consuming process, because you don’t have to constantly rewrite your notes. For example:

• If you’ve written a few paragraphs, but now just need a few bullets, take a yellow highlighter, and highlight the words you want to “bullet point.” (Now you can ignore all the other words around them.)
• If there’s an idea that you want to be sure to deliver as written, put a big star in the left margin and you’ll remember to  read it. (I use a purple felt-tip pen for this.)
• If you wrote a paragraph of text but now only need to see a prompt, cross out the paragraph  (literally put an X through it) and write your prompt in the left margin . (There’s my purple felt-tip pen again.)

See? Not hard! And for every minute you spend updating your speaking notes, you’ll get a big payoff  in the comfort and confidence you feel while presenting.

There’s Only One Place Where Speaking Notes are “Just Wrong”

As you can see, I’m a big fan of using speaking notes — but there is one place that they just don’t belong, and that’s in your slides.  So…

Never put your speaking notes on the screen!

• Put them in a Word document ( here’s how to format it ).
• Put them on 3 x 5″ cards.
• Put them in a chart, diagram, or series of pictures.
• You can even put them in PowerPoint’s presenter notes, although that’s an awkward solution that keeps you tethered to your computer.

But please don’t put notes that are only intended for you on slides that should benefit your audience .

Get rid of the words. Put up a great picture.

And let your speaking notes truly be “just right” for everyone!

You May Also Want to Read...

• 10 Simple Ways to Make Your Speech Easy to Read (for Presenting AND Practicing!)!
• Public Speaking Tip 88: Three Questions to Ask BEFORE You Memorize Your Speech
• Public Speaking Tip 51: If You're Reading from Notes When You Deliver a Speech, Read with Pride; Don't Hide!

27 Speaking Notes

Learning Objectives

Public Speaking students will need to utilize effective speaking notes in order to deliver a proper extemporaneous speech.

• Create speaking notes to assist with extemporaneous delivery.

Speaking Notes

You have successfully written your speech, now what? Writing and delivering a successful speech are not the same. You may have written the most brilliant of speeches but if you cannot deliver it effectively, your message will not reach your audience and you will have failed as a speaker. Remember that we are aiming for an extemporaneous delivery. This delivery method takes extensive preparation. This section explores how you can prepare your notes and practice for effective speech delivery.

Why Prepare Speaking Notes?

Your preparation outline and speaking notes are separate documents.

• Your preparation outline helps you to get prepared for your speech by providing the opportunity to organize and write your ideas in a speech format. This is the “formal” outline you use to organize your ideas.
• Your speaking notes help you achieve a conversational and natural speech delivery.

Your preparation outline is designed to help you prepare for the speech while your speaking notes are designed to help you deliver the speech. Using your preparation outline (a full manuscript) while delivering your speech is sure to set you up for failure. The temptation to read the entire speech directly from a manuscript, even if you’re only carrying it as a safety net, is nearly overwhelming. Reading your speech will cause your audience to lose faith in you as a speaker and bore them because of a lack of audience connection. Carefully prepared speaking notes, together with practice, will add credibility and confidence to your delivery.

Once you have created a preparation outline, you will be able to create your speaking notes. Common forms of speaking notes are note cards, paper, or electronic. You can use what has worked for you in the past or what you think will work for you. Practicing with different forms of speaking notes will help you to get comfortable with the best format for your speaking style. 

Preparing Speaking Notes

While speaking notes are personal to each speaker, there are several things you should think about as you are preparing your speaking notes.

Keywords : Your cards should only include keywords and phrases, not full sentences. The only exception to the keyword guideline would be an extended or highly technical quotation from a source. If it is critically important to present an exact quotation, you may write out the quotation together with its citation word for word to ensure accuracy.

• The “trick” to selecting the words to write on your cards is to identify the keywords that will trigger recall for your speech content. 
• The fewer words the better. This will help you to remain conversational during your delivery.
• You should not have more than one note card for each minute of your speech. If you are using paper, you should have no more than one sheet of paper.

“Best man’s speech notes”  by stacey shintani.  CC-BY-NC-SA .

Organization: Your notes should help you deliver your content in the precise order that you have planned.

• You can organize your notes by speech part (introduction, main point #1, main point #2, conclusion, etc.) to keep your thoughts organized.
• If you are using cards, number your cards so you can keep them in order.

Easy to Read: You should be able to glance at the cards, get your bearings, and look back at the audience.

• Color-coding is often done to easily distinguish the cards at a glance. Losing your place can be very stressful to you and distracting to the audience.
• Use large print. You should be able to read something on your card by glancing, not peering at it. A few keywords and phrases, written in large, bold print with plenty of white space between them, will help you.

For additional tips on preparing speaking notes, visit this website: https://www.wikihow.com/Prepare-Notes-for-Public-Speaking

Using Speaking Notes

Now that you have created your speaking notes, how will you ensure you use them effectively?

Rehearse using your notes: You will not know if your speaking notes are effective (easy to read, have the “right” keywords, and help you to deliver effectively) if you do not rehearse with them. Just like your preparation outline, your speaking notes will go through several revisions. This process will make your speech delivery stronger.

Figure out how to hold your notes: Notes are a normal part of giving a presentation. You do not need to conceal them from the audience but you also need to make sure they are not distracting. Practice how you will use your notes while engaging in eye contact with the audience and using other nonverbal delivery strategies (such as movement and gestures). 

Revise your notes while rehearsing : Your speaking notes may change as you practice your speech. Practicing will help you to know which keywords are working and which are not. You may need to add reminders (click to next slide, smile, breath, etc.) or markers to draw your attention quickly to certain parts of the speech. Revisions will help you to deliver a natural and conversational speech while not leaving out important content.

Extemporaneous speaking requires the ability to alternate one’s gaze between the audience and one’s notes. Practicing while using your notes will help you to develop the ability to maintain eye contact with your audience while referring to your notes. When you are giving a speech that is well prepared and well-rehearsed, you will only need to look at your notes occasionally. This is an ability that will develop even further with practice.

Key Takeaways

• Effective notes keep you from reading to your audience.
• Speaking notes are carefully based on keywords and phrases to promote recall.
• Notes should be organized and easy to read.
• Using notes well requires practice and revision.
• Chapter 12 Preparation, Practice, and Delivery.  Authored by : Victor Capecce, M.F.A..  Provided by : Millersville University, Millersville, PA.  Located at :  http://publicspeakingproject.org/psvirtualtext.html .  Project : The Public Speaking Project.  License :  CC BY-NC-ND: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives
• best man’s speech notes.  Authored by : stacey shintani.  Located at :  https://www.flickr.com/photos/rocketlass/5020282015/ .  License :  CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike
• Is it a bad sign when work starts handing these out?.  Authored by : skittledog.  Located at :  https://www.flickr.com/photos/55919472@N00/501307681/ .  License :  CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike

Public Speaking Copyright © by Dr. Layne Goodman; Amber Green, M.A.; and Various is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License , except where otherwise noted.

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• Speech Writing /

Speech on Janmashtami in English for School Students

• Updated on  
• Aug 24, 2024

Speech on Janmashtami: Krishna Janmashtami is a Hindu festival celebrating the birth of Lord Krishna, the eighth avatar of Vishnu. It’s observed with great enthusiasm and devotion, especially in India. The festival involves various rituals, prayers, and festivities to commemorate Krishna’s birth and his divine playfulness. Read this blog to learn more about the Janmashtami, you will also find a few speeches that you can easily deliver. 

Table of Contents

• 1 Short Speech on Janmashtami
• 2 Long Speech on Janmashtami
• 3 7 Reasons Why We Celebrate Janmashtami

Check out more blogs on speech writing here!

Short Speech on Janmashtami

Long Speech on Janmashtami

7 Reasons Why We Celebrate Janmashtami

Janmashtami, a Hindu festival commemorating the birth of Lord Krishna, is celebrated with great fervour worldwide. Here are seven reasons why we celebrate this auspicious occasion:

• Divine Birth: The festival marks the birth of Lord Krishna, the eighth avatar of Vishnu. His birth is considered a significant event in Hindu mythology.
• Symbol of Hope and Protection: Krishna is often seen as a protector of the good and a destroyer of evil. His birth is celebrated as a symbol of hope and protection for humanity.
• Celebration of Love and Compassion: Krishna’s life is filled with stories of love, compassion, and wisdom. The festival is an opportunity to celebrate these virtues.
• Cultural Significance: Janmashtami is a major cultural event in many parts of India, with colourful decorations, traditional dances, and delicious food.
• Spiritual Significance: For many Hindus, Janmashtami is a time for spiritual reflection and connection with the divine.
• Celebration of Childhood: The festival is often associated with the playful childhood of Krishna. It is a time to embrace joy and innocence.
• Family and Community Bonding: Janmashtami is a time for families and communities to come together and celebrate. It strengthens social bonds and fosters a sense of belonging.

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Janmashtami is a Hindu festival that celebrates the birth of Krishna, the eighth avatar of Vishnu. It is a major religious event observed with great fervour in India and other parts of the world.

The moral of Janmashtami is often interpreted as a celebration of: Krishna’s love for his devotees is a central theme. It teaches us the importance of unconditional love and devotion. Krishna’s battles against evil forces emphasise the need for courage and bravery in the face of adversity.

Krishna’s main message is often summarised in the Bhagavad Gita, a sacred Hindu text. It is a dialogue between Krishna and Arjuna, a warrior facing a moral dilemma on the battlefield.

We hope this blog on speech on Janmashtami provided you with relevant speeches. For more information on such informative topics, visit our speech writing page and follow Leverage Edu.

Malvika Chawla

Malvika is a content writer cum news freak who comes with a strong background in Journalism and has worked with renowned news websites such as News 9 and The Financial Express to name a few. When not writing, she can be found bringing life to the canvasses by painting on them.

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