template for phd thesis

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Thesis / dissertation formatting manual (2024).

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UCI Libraries maintains the following  templates to assist in formatting your graduate manuscript. If you are formatting your manuscript in Microsoft Word, feel free to download and use the template. If you would like to see what your manuscript should look like, PDFs have been provided. If you are formatting your manuscript using LaTex, UCI maintains a template on OverLeaf.

• Annotated Template (Dissertation) 2024 PDF of a template with annotations of what to look out for
• Word: Thesis Template 2024 Editable template of the Master's thesis formatting.
• PDF Thesis Template 2024
• Word: Dissertation Template 2024 Editable template of the PhD Dissertation formatting.
• PDF: Dissertation Template 2024
• Overleaf (LaTex) Template
• << Previous: Tutorials and Assistance
• Next: FAQ >>
• Last Updated: Aug 26, 2024 11:00 AM
• URL: https://guides.lib.uci.edu/gradmanual

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• Dissertation Templates
• Dissertation Copyright
• Dissertation Embargo Guidelines
• ETD Administrator
• Formatting FAQs
• Sample Dissertation Title Page

Formatting Guide

The  PhD Dissertation Formatting Guide  (updated Spring 2023) is the source of all formatting requirements and guidelines for PhD Dissertations. Make sure to follow the guide when writing your dissertation.

Double check your formatting with the  PhD Dissertation Formatting Checklist  before submission.

LaTeX Template

The University provides a standard LaTeX template that complies with all formatting requirements.    

University of Pennsylvania PhD Dissertation Template in LaTeX

Word Templates

The University provides a standard Word template that complies with all formatting requirements.    

Dissertation Template in Word  (updated Spring 2023)

Example PDF of Proper Formatting

Overleaf LaTeX PDF

Note: You may need to activate your UPenn Overleaf account to view this PDF.  Penn Overleaf account page. 

Additional information is available in our  Formatting FAQs . 

/images/cornell/logo35pt_cornell_white.svg" alt="template for phd thesis"> Cornell University --> Graduate School

The following Microsoft Word templates are available for download and comply with all formatting requirements:

• Introduction for dissertation  (.docx)
• Introduction for thesis  (.docx)
• Chapters and text body for papers option  (.doc)
• Chapters and text body for non-papers option  (.doc)
• LaTeX templates  (.zip)

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• Dissertation & Thesis Template

As a resource for graduate students, sample Word templates are available to assist with the initial formatting of doctoral dissertations and master's theses. Students are expected to fully format their dissertation/thesis according to the   " Preparation and Submission Manual for Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses ".

• This template is a starting point and students may have to add or remove sections/text to accurately reflect their document and adhere to all requirements in the manual.
• Graduate Education and Postdoctoral Affairs (GEPA) does not provide technical support for any of the templates below.
• If using these templates, students must still refer to the formatting manual for full instructions.

The below templates are in Word. If you prefer to use LaTeX, here is a recommended unofficial template . We are not able to provide technical support for LaTeX.

Note: opening the Word template in Google Docs may cause auto-formatting features to be lost or auto-formatting features may appear differently.

A sample template of a co-author permission letter and cover letter from the committee chair can be found here . For complete information on submission of permission letters, please see this page and/or refer to the full Manual . 

Master’s Degree Thesis

Download template

Doctoral Degree Dissertation

• Degree Completion
• Dissertation & Thesis Submission
• Dissertation & Thesis Manual

Purdue Online Writing Lab Purdue OWL® College of Liberal Arts

University Thesis and Dissertation Templates

Welcome to the Purdue OWL

This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue University. When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice.

Copyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.

Theses and dissertations are already intensive, long-term projects that require a lot of effort and time from their authors. Formatting for submission to the university is often the last thing that graduate students do, and may delay earning the relevant degree if done incorrectly.

Below are some strategies graduate students can use to deal with institutional formatting requirements to earn their degrees on time.

Disciplinary conventions are still paramount.

Scholars in your own discipline are the most common readers of your dissertation; your committee, too, will expect your work to match with their expectations as members of your field. The style guide your field uses most commonly is always the one you should follow, and if your field uses conventions such as including all figures and illustrations at the end of the document, you should do so. After these considerations are met, move on to university formatting. Almost always, university formatting only deals with things like margins, font, numbering of chapters and sections, and illustrations; disciplinary style conventions in content such as APA's directive to use only last names of authors in-text are not interfered with by university formatting at all.

Use your university's formatting guidelines and templates to your advantage.

If your institution has a template for formatting your thesis or dissertation that you can use, do so. Don't look at another student's document and try to replicate it yourself. These templates typically have the necessary section breaks and styles already in the document, and you can copy in your work from your existing draft using the style pane in MS Word to ensure you're using the correct formatting (similarly with software such as Overleaf when writing in LaTeX, templates do a lot of the work for you). It's also often easier for workers in the offices that deal with theses and dissertations to help you with your work if you're using their template — they are familiar with these templates and can often navigate them more proficiently.

These templates also include placeholders for all front matter you will need to include in your thesis or dissertation, and may include guidelines for how to write these. Front matter includes your table of contents, acknowledgements, abstract, abbreviation list, figure list, committee page, and (sometimes) academic history or CV; everything before your introduction is front matter. Since front matter pages such as the author's academic history and dissertation committee are usually for the graduate school and not for your department, your advisor might not remember to have you include them. Knowing about them well before your deposit date means you won't be scrambling to fill in placeholders at the last minute or getting your work returned for revision from the graduate school.

Consider institutional formatting early and often.

Many graduate students leave this aspect of submitting their projects until it's almost too late to work on it, causing delays in obtaining their degree. Simply being aware that this is a task you'll have to complete and making sure you know where templates are, who you can ask for help in your graduate office or your department, and what your institution's guidelines are can help alleviate this issue. Once you know what you'll be expected to do to convert to university formatting, you can set regular check-in times for yourself to do this work in pieces rather than all at once (for instance, when you've completed a chapter and had it approved by your chair). 

Consider fair use for images and other third-party content.

Most theses and dissertations are published through ProQuest or another publisher (Harvard, for instance, uses their own open publishing service). For this reason, it may be the case that your institution requires all images or other content obtained from other sources to fall under fair use rules or, if an image is not considered under fair use, you'll have to obtain permission to print it in your dissertation. Your institution should have more guidance on their specific expectations for fair use content; knowing what these guidelines are well in advance of your deposit date means you won't have to make last-minute changes or removals to deposit your work.

FREE Templates, Examples & Resources 📥

Practical Examples

Research proposal example

Literature review example

Research methodology example

Research topic ideas & examples

Research question examples

Full dissertations & theses

Other Templates & Tools

Full dissertation template (all in one)

Ultimate dissertation writing checklist

Research topic evaluation tool (Excel)

Literature review catalogue/matrix (Excel)

Research paper template (Word)

APA 7 template |  MLA 9 template

Tools & Templates - Frequently Asked Questions

Are these templates and tools really free.

Yes . These templates and tools form part of the many free resources we provide to students. There are no costs or contractual obligations.

If you’re looking for more dissertation and thesis-related information, be sure to visit our blog and YouTube channel for lots of free content.

Can I edit the templates?

Yes. The templates are provided in MS Word format (DOCX), so you can edit the files to suit your specific needs.

Can I share the templates?

You’re welcome to share these templates with your friends or colleagues in their original form via email or chat .

If you wish to wish to share the templates on your website or anywhere else on the public web, please link to this page instead .

Should I follow the templates verbatim?

The templates are based on standardized chapter structures, but the exact structure and layout required by your university may differ. Therefore, it’s always best to review the specific requirements of your university and program before settling on a structure.

What's the difference between the full template and the chapter templates?

The full dissertation/thesis template provides a high-level outline structure, whereas the individual chapter templates provide more detail.

If you’re just starting the writing process, the former could help you structure your outline document and get a feel for how it all fits together, whereas the latter (chapter-specific templates) can be used as you approach each chapter.

What if I need more help?

Dissertation, Doctoral Project, and Thesis Information & Templates

Note: Forms required for the submission of theses and dissertations are available on the  Academic Forms  page.

Important Notes for Dissertation, Doctoral Project & Thesis Writers

• Information is available in Section IV.B.2 Research on Human Subjects of the  Graduate Bulletin   (from the  Resources and Policies page ).
• Additional information and forms are available on the   IRB website . Your IRB approval number must be included on the Thesis or Dissertation Proposal Form.
• Consult the  Guidelines for Dissertation, Doctoral Project and Thesis Writers  before beginning your thesis or dissertation.
• Download a template to assist with formatting your work. The templates are unlocked and can be edited (links to the template can be found in the “Submission Procedures” sections below).
• Check the Resources & Guidelines section of the ProQuest website for instructions on using the site. The Library has created a very informative series of  short videos  about the choices you must make on the ProQuest site.
• Additional information on copyright, publishing options and other topics is available on  Lauinger’s Scholarly Communication  website.
• More information about the requirements for dissertations, doctoral projects and theses can be found in the  Graduate Bulletin .

Submission of the Thesis, Doctoral Project or Dissertation

Information on the forms required leading up to a defense and also afterward appear on Submission of Thesis  and  Submission of Dissertation or Doctoral Project .

Download a Thesis / Doctoral Project / Dissertation Template

(for Master’s and Doctoral candidates) We recommend that you download a Thesis / Doctoral Project / Dissertation Template using Mozilla Firefox, Safari, or Google Chrome browsers. There are some reported issues for students trying to download using Internet Explorer. The download links are shown below:

• The combined  Master’s Thesis / Doctoral Project / Doctoral Dissertation Template  for MS-Word for Windows is available at: Thesis/Project/Dissertation Template-PC
• The  Master’s   Thesis Template  for Word for Mac is available at:  Thesis Template-MAC
• The  Doctoral Template  for Word for Mac is available at  Dissertation Template-MAC
• If you use the LaTeX markup language, you can download a ZIP file folder containing several template and style documents, as well as an extensive tutorial manual, at this link:  Thesis/Dissertation Template-LaTeX . An updated .sty file was uploaded in June 2020.

LaTeX users please note: These LaTeX template materials are provided for the use of those who are already proficient in the use of LaTeX. Neither the Graduate School nor the faculty who helped develop this template are able to provide support or training in the use of this specialty software.

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The templates below have been built to ensure a consistent look among most theses and dissertations submitted to OGSPS. These templates should be used as a guide in formatting your thesis or dissertation with the understanding that your department may require modifications of the template to fit your discipline’s style. Please contact your department’s Format Advisor to discuss any necessary changes.

The Thesis & Dissertation Office recommends using the PurdueThesis.cls file.

Please take note that Overleaf SHOULD NOT be used for writing, editing, or publishing documents or research papers that contain data subject to EAR, ITAR, DFARS Clause 252.204-7012, and other controlled data designators due to the increased security required for these types of data.

Get PurdueThesis

Sign up for your FREE Overleaf  Pro+ account today and access the PurdueThesis.cls!

Please download one of the following templates to begin your thesis/dissertation. Formatting within each template is already set up for your convenience. Be sure to paste your Word document INTO the template. Otherwise, it can cause formatting issues.

You will need to select the appropriate answer for all dropdown boxes on page 1.  Ex. Thesis/Dissertation, Choose Degree, Choose Department, Choose Campus Location, Choose Graduation Term.

You will need to manually input your committee information on page 2. We ask that you only list your committee member's primary department. The name after "Approved by:" should match the name listed on your Form 9 as "Thesis Form Head".

Follow instructions within the template to complete the rest of your thesis/dissertation. Please be careful when making changes so that you do not override/change the template formatting.

Please contact us if your department is not listed, or with other questions. 

Last modified June 24, 2024.

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How to plan, structure and write every chapter in your PhD

In this collection, we’ll walk you through each chapter of your thesis. You’ll learn what goes where and how it fits together. 

The PhD Discussion Chapter: What It Is & How To Write It

  Your PhD discussion chapter is your thesis's intellectual epicenter. Think of it as the scholarly equivalent of a courtroom closing argument, where you summarise the evidence and make your case. Perhaps that’s why it’s so tricky - the skills you need in your...

Everything you wanted to know about structuring your PhD but were too afraid to ask

Understanding how to structure your PhD is tough. It helps to break it down into four distinct sections. In this guide, we explain how.

How to find the thread that runs through your PhD thesis

You probably worry about finding the thread that runs through the PhD thesis. In this guide we walk you through what’s required.

How to edit a PhD thesis (without going mad)

Your thesis takes a lot of time to research, ideate, and write. Here’s how to properly edit a PhD thesis such that you impress your examiners and achieve even greater success.

The 9 most effective ways to achieve PhD success

  Writing a PhD is physically, intellectually and emotionally daunting. You may spend each day doubting yourself, not sure if you’re making the right choices and unsure whether you’ve got what it takes. During my life, I’ve helped thousands of PhD students like...

How To Structure A PhD Thesis

Struggling to understand what goes where? Let us walk you through a non-nonsense guide that’ll teach you how to structure a PhD thesis.

The difference between empirical and discussion chapters (and how to write them)

There is a very important distinction that needs to be made between the empirical and discussion sections/chapters. It is a common misconception that the empirical chapters are the place for your analysis. Often this confuses the reader.

Five tips to improve your PhD thesis

Regardless of what stage of the writing process you are at, there are five overarching tips you need to keep in mind if you want to improve your PhD thesis.

What are you doing and how are you doing it? Articulating your aims and objectives.

How long does it take the person reading your thesis to understand what you’re doing and how you’re doing it? If the answer is anything other than ’in the the opening lines of the thesis’, keep reading.

Learn how to write a PhD proposal that will stand out from the rest

When stripped down to its basic components, the PhD proposal explains the what and the why of your research. What it will be about and why it will be important.

Easily understand how to write a PhD thesis introduction

Get the introduction right and the rest of your dissertation will follow. Mess it up and you’ll be struggling to catch up. The introduction is the place to factually recount what it is you will be discussing in the thesis. Learn more in this detailed guide.

Last impressions count – writing your PhD thesis conclusion

The conclusion is the last thing your examiner will read before they write their viva report. You need to make sure it stands out.

What is a dissertation abstract and how do I write one for my PhD?

Don’t underestimate how hard it is to write a PhD thesis abstract. When I wrote mine I though it’d be straightforward. Far from it. It’s tricky. You have to condense hundred of pages and years of work into a few hundred words.

Russian (dolls) to the rescue – how to structure an argument in your PhD

At the core of the PhD are arguments. Lots of them. Some more important and some very specific. When you understand how to structure an argument, your thesis reads clearly and logically. If you don’t the reader ends up confused and your thesis suffers.

Drowning in a sea of authors – How to be critical in a PhD literature review.

Don’t get lost in a sea of authors when you write your PhD literature review. Instead be critical. In this guide we explain how.

Wrestling an elephant into a cupboard: how to write a PhD literature review in nine easy steps

When I was writing my PhD I hated the literature review. I was scared of it. I thought it would be impossible to grapple. So much so that it used to keep me up at night. Now I know how easy it can be and I’m sharing my top tips with you today.

A Template To Help You Structure Your PhD’s Theoretical Framework Chapter

In this guide, I explain how to use the theory framework template. The focus is on the practical things to consider when you’re working with the template and how you can give your theory framework the rockstar treatment.

How To Structure A PhD With Our PhD Writing Template

Our PhD Writing Template allows you to visualise your PhD on one page. Here we explain how to fill it in and how it can help you structure each chapter.

Eureka! When I learnt how to write a theoretical framework

The theoretical framework is so important, but so misunderstood. Here we explain it is in simple terms: as a toolbox.

Explore Other PhD Knowledge Base Collections

Eight collections of free resources to help you along the phd journey.

Mastering your theory and literature review chapters

How to structure and write every chapter of the PhD

How to stay motivated and productive

Techniques to improve your writing and fluency

Advice on maintaining good mental health

Resources designed for non-native English speakers

Explore our back-catalogue of motivational advice

Each week we send out a short, motivational email to over 4,000 students. Here you can sign up and access the archive.

A free one-page PhD structure template

Graduate Student Success Center

Thesis and dissertation template.

The Graduate College offers a thesis/dissertation template that contains all required content and formatting. You can either write your document from within the template or apply the template’s formatting to your previously created work.

Need help working in the template? Schedule an appointment today.

Before You Begin

The first time you download the template, save the template file to your computer before you begin work on your document. This is important if you are composing your thesis/dissertation within the template or if you are copying and pasting your content into the template. You may need the original template file in the future.

Please note: We offer the Google Doc template for initial drafts of your thesis/dissertation to share easily with your committee chair. We do not accept Google Documents as the final document of your thesis/dissertation. Google Docs does not have the functionality we require for our final theses/dissertations. Please use the Google Doc template while keeping in mind that you will need to convert your document to Microsoft Word later.

Download Thesis and Dissertation Template (Word Doc) Download Thesis and Dissertation Template (LATEX) Download Thesis and Dissertation Template (Google Doc)

Word Template Last Updated: February 2021

Word Document Template Information

Download instructions.

• Download the Boise State Template from the orange callout ribbon above.
• Show the downloaded file in the Downloads folder.
• Right click and select Open
• Enable Content
• Click File > Save As and name the file, for instance, Boise_State_Template.dotm (note the extension is “.dotm”) and  Save as type:  Word Macro-Enabled Template (*.dotm) .  It is recommended locating this file on your desktop – it may come in handy if you need to reattach the template to your document in the future (see below).
• Close this file.

Working Within the Template

To work within the template, styles are applied throughout the document. These styles can be found by clicking the arrow in the lower right hand corner of the Styles section in the Home tab. To apply a style, simply highlight the text that you wish to format and click the appropriate name from the styles list.

When entering your own work into the template, be sure to apply the following styles to the appropriate parts of your document. Failure to do so will mean that your Table of Contents, List of Figures, and List of Tables will be incorrect.

• Format a Heading 1 in all caps, and centered
• Format a Heading 2 in title-caps, bold, and centered
• Format a Heading 3 in title-caps, underlined, and aligned left
• Format a Heading 4 in title-caps, underlined, and indented once
• Format a Heading 5 in title-caps, underlined and indented twice
• Figure Captions are bolded and centered in the template. They may also be justified.
• Table Captions are bolded and aligned left in the template. They may also be justified.
• Appendix Heading 2
• Appendix Heading 3

Formatting Landscape Pages

When setting pages of your document to landscape orientation to accommodate large figures or tables, you must reformat their page numbers so that they will still be visible after binding.

• Open the landscape page’s header by double-clicking within the header.
• Deselect Link to Previous, located in the Navigation section of the Design tab. Repeat this step for the page following the landscape page.
• Delete the landscape page’s current page number.
• Click Insert → Page Number (in the Header & Footer section)→Page Margins.
• Select Landscape Page Numbers.

Note: If your other pages’ pagination disappears after inserting landscape page numbers, you likely did not turn off Link to Previous. Undo your changes to the page numbers and restart the instructions.

Replacing Table of Contents, List of Figures, and List of Tables

After your writing and editing is complete, you will need to replace the Table of Contents, List of Figures, and List of Tables.

• Right click the existing TOC, LOF, or LOT.
• Click Update Field.
• Select Update entire table and click Ok.

Note: All other lists (such as a List of Abbreviations or List of Graphs) are not updated automatically. Instead, the template includes examples of manually-created lists that can be altered to fit your needs.

Attaching the Template to a Preexisting Document. If your document is at or near completion, it may be easier for you to attach the template to your existing file than to paste your document into a new template.

Formatting Styles and Applying Styles

Before attaching the Thesis/Dissertation template to your document, you must first apply the following styles to the appropriate sections of your work. It does not matter how these styles look – when you first apply them they will not look right – only that the names of the styles match those in the following list exactly. After you have applied all the styles and attach the template the document will be formatted correctly.

These styles can be found by clicking the arrow in the lower right hand corner of the Styles section in the Home tab. Leave this menu open while you work through the document. To apply a style, simply highlight the text that you wish to format and click the appropriate name from the styles list.

Attaching Styles

• Access the Styles menu by clicking the lower-right corner of the Styles box on the Home tab in Windows. Keep this menu open on the side of your screen and apply the styles to your document as you work.
• Highlight the text you wish to format (it is often only necessary to “click in” the section you wish to format)
• Click the appropriate style from the Styles menu

Note: If the style you are looking for is not included in the list you may need to create the style (see next).

Creating Styles

Some required styles will not be listed in the premade styles, thus you will need to create them yourself.

• Highlight the text that you wish to format
• Right click the text and select Styles → Save Selection as a New Quick Style.
• Enter the appropriate style name and click OK.

Note: Remember, it does not matter how these styles look at this time, only that the style names match the names listed in the table above.

Attaching the Template

After applying styles to your document, you can attach the template, which will fix most of your document’s formatting issues.

• Download the Boise State Thesis and Dissertation Template and save it to your computer. See instructions above under “Before you Begin.”
• Open the Word document containing your thesis/dissertation, click file, click options, click add-ins, and select templates from the Manage drop down menu at the bottom of the page. Click go.
• In the Document Template section, click Attach.
• Navigate to the folder in which you saved the template and select it.
• Important: Check the box labeled “Automatically update document styles.”

Adjusting Margins

• Click Ctrl+A to select the entire document.
• In the Home ribbon, click layout, click margins and select the mirror margin option that contains inside margin 1.5″, top and bottom margins 1.”

Setting Page Numbers

Be careful that you set section breaks between front matter and body text and also between portrait and landscape-oriented pages (see Manually Formatting Your Document for instructions on setting page breaks). Each has a different way of formatting their pagination.

Front Matter

•  Set a continuous section break immediately before the Heading 1 on the first page that follows your approval pages.
• Set a continuous section break immediately before the title of Chapter 1.
• Open the footer on the first page following your approval page by clicking the Footer button in the Header & Footer section of the Insert tab and selecting Edit Footer.
• Deselect Link to Previous, located in the Navigation section of the Design tab. This step is only necessary for the first numbered page in the front matter.
• Insert page numbers. Front matter page numbers should be in lowercase Roman numerals and should be centered at the bottom of each page.
• Double-click inside the footer of the first page in Chapter 1.
• Deselect Link to Previous, located in the Navigation section of the Design tab. This step is only necessary for the first page in the body text.
• Delete the page numbers from the footer.
• Open the header on the same page by double-clicking inside the header.
• Deselect Link to Previous, located in the Navigation section of the Design tab.
• Insert alpha-numeric page numbers, starting with 1, into the upper right-hand corner of the pages.

Landscape Pages

• Repeat step 3 on the page following the landscape page.
• Click Insert → Page Number (in the Header & Footer section) → Page Margins.

Inserting Table of Contents and Lists of Figures or Tables

Finally, after your document’s content is complete, you will need to create the Table of Contents, List of Figures, and List of Tables.

• In the Home ribbon, select References , then select Table of Contents and choose the first option.
• To build your list of tables or figures do the following: on the Home ribbon, select references, select Insert List of Table of Figures, on the options drop down select either table captions or figure captions depending on which you are creating. You will then have to manually insert the heading.

Note: The template does not include macros for automatically generating other lists such as a List of Abbreviations or List of Graphs. However, it does include example lists that can be copied, pasted, and altered to meet your needs.

Helpful Tips

• Access the Styles menu by clicking the lower-right corner of the styles box on the Home tab in Windows. Keep this menu open on the side of your screen, or on a second screen, and apply the styles to your document as you work. To make the document styles behave, use the styles in the template. For example, for all Heading 1s, use the Heading 1 style, which will automatically insert a break and a 2 inch margin, etc. As long as the styles are used, the document should behave appropriately, and the table of contents will include the headings once updated. To modify the Table of Contents, click once to highlight the table in gray, right-click and select “Update Entire Field.”
• Show formatting marks as you work in your document.  Click on the File tab, then Options, Display, and click on the box “Show all formatting marks” and OK.

Graduate Education

Office of graduate and postdoctoral education, thesis templates.

The following thesis format templates should help you get started with formatting your thesis or dissertation. Georgia Tech provides free Overleaf Professional accounts for all students, faculty, and staff who would like to use the collaborative, online LaTeX editor for their projects.

• LaTeX Template (.zip) - updated May 2020
• Featured LaTeX templates on Overleaf
• Word Thesis Template (.docx) - updated August 2016
• Georgia Tech Engineering Reference Management System (GTERMS)

LaTeX Resources

• LaTeX Project
• Set the Quick Build command configuration to: “PdfLaTeX + Bib(la)tex) + PdfLaTeX (x2) + View Pdf”.
• Use the Quick Build command to compile and view your .pdf file.
• If you decide to use a “build” subdirectory for output files, you must point BibTeX to the proper subdirectory.

LaTeX is a powerful text processing and formatting tool that produces clean, consistent results. This high-quality typesetting system is a free service provided by Georgia Tech. It is available on many platforms and can be used with the editor of your choice. LaTeX is the de facto standard for the communication and publication of scientific documents.

Although Graduate Education does not offer direct technical support, Tech does provide help via campus partners such as the Library and Overleaf (online LaTeX editor). Please check the Library events page for courses on LaTex, or contact Overleaf directly.

Many students have also found useful tips for dealing with specific problems by entering keywords such as "LaTeX formatting table captions" in their favorite search engines.

Most Common LaTeX to PDF Problem

The most common problem we see with Electronic Theses & Dissertations (ETDs) created in LaTeX is the altering of the page size, particularly an increase of the bottom margin to more than one inch, and sometimes an accompanying decrease in the top and/or right margins to less than the requisite one inch. Less frequently, there will also be problems with figures disappearing or changing appearance. The sizing error may be introduced inadvertently during the conversion from .dvi to .pdf or .ps when the program doing the converting defaults to the A4 European page size. Always check your PDF file after conversion, even if your source file looked perfect.

The following fixes have been found by your fellow Tech graduate students and passed along to the Graduate Thesis Office. We hope they help you:

• First, before converting the .tex file to .dvi, make sure the class header file in your .tex file says something like "\documentclass[12pt, letter]{article}".
• If you are converting the resulting .dvi file to a .ps file, be sure the dvips options specify "-P pdf -t letter".
• When you are converting to .pdf from either the .dvi file directly or from a .ps file, locate the C:\texmf\dvipdfm\config\config\ or analogous folder for PDFs in your system. Replace the line "p a4" with "p letter".

Check our frequently asked questions (FAQ) to see if your question has already been answered. Else, contact [email protected] .

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School of Physics

College of sciences, search form, thesis template for ph.d. students.

LaTeX Thesis template (zip):  Download Word Thesis template (docx): Download

Dear soon-to-to-be Physics PhD,

If you reading this file, you are getting ready to graduate and move on to the next stage of your life.

This folder contains LaTex thesis templates modified to fullfil the GT thesis format. The intended users are those who are already somewhat familiar with LaTex. We hope you will find this template useful.

If you are an MS Windows user, a free compiler "MikTex" is available on  http://www.miktex.org .

A useful Windows text editor "WinEdt" (shareware, not freeware) is available on  http://www.winedt.com .

The text file "GT graduation FAQ.txt," contains the answers to frequency asked questions. Please take a look at this first.

The pdf document, "lshort.pdf," is the "Not So Short Introduction to LaTex 2e."

The text file "GT Thesis Template FAQ.txt" contains a list of LaTex tricks and modifications for "gatech-thesis.cls" in order to fullfil the GT thesis format requirements. We have implemented these modifications for you and the modified .cls file is saved as "gatech-thesis-physics.cls".

The file "msc_sty.bst" is the bibliography style file, which is modified to conform with the citation format of Physical Review Letters.

The folder "gatech-thesis-physics" contains a "toy'' PhD thesis as an example. Inside this folder, the main control tex file is "thesis.tex". As practice, just compile this file again. If the compilation is successful, you are qualified to use this template and you may start to fill-in your thesis in this format.

Enjoy your thesis writing, and good luck!

Jiang Xiao (PhD 2006) Ming-Shien Chang (PhD 2006) Andrew Zangwill (Graduate Coordinator)

External Links

• GT Graduate Studies:  Theses and Dissertations Page
• GT Graudate Studies:  Thesis templates

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Preparation of Dissertation and Thesis

The final step in earning a graduate degree is generally the completion of the master’s thesis or doctoral dissertation. The Formatting Guide is designed to help the student present the results of graduate study and research for the use and interest of the academic community and the public. This guide contains format requirements for:

• The traditional master’s thesis or doctoral dissertation,
• The manuscript master’s thesis or doctoral dissertation, in which manuscripts of articles that have been or will be submitted to journals in the field are used in the body of the thesis or dissertation

The Submission Guide is designed to help you through the submission and publication process.

Download the Guides:

• Dissertation and Thesis Formatting Guide
• Dissertation and Thesis Submission Guide

Our office only accepts submissions created in Microsoft Word or in LaTeX (templates can be found below). No dissertation/thesis created in another word-processing document will be accepted. Each UTD student has access to Microsoft 365, which includes Word. Refer to instructions on how to install Microsoft 365 .

These guides were prepared by the Office of the Dean of Graduate Education. Questions concerning these guidelines or any aspect of manuscript preparation for the thesis or dissertation should be directed to the Office of Graduate Education, FA 3.104 , (972) 883-2234 ,  [email protected] .   Revised August 2024

View the checklists (please print and track your progress):

• Doctoral Dissertation Checklist
• Master’s Thesis Checklist

Doctoral Defenses:  Once your supervising committee agrees that your doctoral dissertation is ready to be defended, it is your responsibility to coordinate with your dissertation committee, including Examining Committee Chair, to determine the defense modality (in-person or remote) and to schedule a defense date/time where all committee members can attend. Consult the  deadlines  page to determine the latest possible date to schedule a defense, hold a defense and submit a final document for the desired graduation semester. Refer to the  Doctoral Dissertation Checklist  to make sure you have filled out all required forms.

Master’s Defenses:  Master’s defenses are scheduled through each program, so please reach out to your committee and your program contact for help scheduling your defense. Master’s students do not need to use or submit the Request for Final Oral Exam form. This is a PhD form only, but please check with your program to see if they have any additional defense paperwork you need to submit to them directly. Refer to the  deadlines  page and  Master’s Thesis Checklist  to make sure you have completed all the required steps. Please submit the  Report of Final Examination for Master’s Thesis (pdf) as an administrative file to your online submission after your defense.

Remote Defenses:  Since some defenses are remote, we have put together a list of  Frequently Asked Questions  for defenses. Our office can help host master’s defenses as needed through our Zoom accounts but the defenses are still scheduled through each program. Your department is the best point of contact for information about how your program schedules and structures master’s defenses.

A Note about Signatures:  As a reminder, our office accepts digital signatures on all administrative files. Digital signatures must use a Digital Certificate. Learn how to digitally sign a PDF .

The Examining Committee Chair is only assigned for PhD defenses. This is not a requirement for master’s defenses. The Examining Committee Chair (ECC) is not the same as your Committee Chair (Supervising Professor). The Examining Committee Chair is a non-voting representative appointed by the Dean of Graduate Education to ensure that university policies and procedures are being followed during the final oral examination.  The process to assign an Examining Committee Chair begins after you apply to graduate.  You will receive the ECC assignment via email from  [email protected] , and the ECC assignment will remain in effect until you graduate. It is your responsibility to work with the Examining Committee Chair and members of your supervising committee to find a time and date for your examination, and to collect their signatures on the  Request for Final Oral Examination (pdf)  form.

• Priority Deadlines and FAQs
• Master’s and Doctoral Deadlines

Thesis/Dissertation Templates

• Windows Thesis/Dissertation Template (.zip) (updated 2/16/2018)
• LaTeX Template (.zip)  (updated 1/25/2024)

For LaTex technical questions, you may contact  Dr. Kevin Hamlen

• Sample Pages (pdf)
• How to Create a Table of Contents in Microsoft Word
• Margins Watermark Template and Guide (.zip)
• Administrative Form Examples (pdf)

All graduate students have access to Turnitin. To access, sign into  eLearning , go to ORGANIZATIONS and open GRADUATE STUDENT CITATION CHECK. If you do not see this,  email us  for access.

Doctoral Hooding Ceremony

The Doctoral Hooding Ceremony will be held on Dec. 13, 2024. All Hooding Ceremony information and deadlines to order regalia can be found on the  hooding FAQ page . The RSVP will be sent via email from The Office of Graduate Education early in the semester.

Upcoming Workshops

See Spring 2024 workshops and events! Be sure to register in advance.

Workshop Recordings

Recordings of past workshops can be found on the  Office of Graduate Education Workshop Recordings  folder on Box. A UTD NetID and password are required to access these recordings.

Detailed information concerning the procedures for completing a graduate degree at The University of Texas at Dallas is contained in the Policy Memorandum  “Policy on Procedures for Completing a Graduate Degree – UTDPP1052” .

Contact Information

Update to “For questions about defenses, formatting the dissertation and thesis manuscript and the electronic submission process, please contact  Allison Nepomnick ,  Bradley Samore or  Stephanie Akers .

Make an appointment for Dissertation and Thesis Formatting Consultation .

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Thesis research represents an attempt to answer a research question or test a research hypothesis that has some significance to the discipline. The work is conducted under the guidance and mentoring of the student's thesis committee. The written thesis is the culmination of the student’s research. It communicates the research problem, its significance, its context within the literature, the methods used to conduct the research, data and results, how the results fit into the larger perspective, and references cited.

Thesis Committee

Your thesis advisory committee (or simply ‘thesis committee’) is comprised of your thesis advisor (also called your advisor, thesis director, or committee chair) and two other tenured or tenure -track faculty members from the department. Your thesis advisor is chair of your thesis committee and should be determined early in your program, ideally by the middle of your second semester. You may choose to include one additional (a fourth) committee member from outside the department, usually an OU faculty member from the most relevant cognate field. In that case, the optional fourth member of the committee will vote on committee decisions if they are a member of the graduate faculty in their home department. Alternatively, you may select as a fourth committee member an emeritus or a non-tenure track professor in our department to serve in an advisory (non-voting) capacity. In all cases, the optional fourth committee member must have at least a master’s degree. Only tenured or tenure-track faculty from the Geography department can serve as a thesis director or as one of the other two main members of your thesis committee. Each student must successfully defend the thesis proposal, and later the final thesis, in front of this committee and must satisfactorily complete revisions to the thesis as specified and reviewed by the committee or thesis advisor. It is expected that the members of the thesis committee remain the same from proposal to thesis defense, but substitutions may be made under exceptional circumstances.

Thesis Proposal

Students should plan to defend a thesis proposal by the end of the second semester of their program in order to allow sufficient time to conduct thesis research. If a defense during the student’s second term is not possible, students may use the break after their second semester to prepare for a proposal defense early in their third semester. Students must have their thesis proposal defended no later than the end of the 5th week of their third semester . Submit the signed Thesis Proposal Defense form to the Graduate Chair when the committee approves this proposal.

You are expected to follow the instructions of your advisor as to the content and length of your thesis proposal, but most proposals are 15-20 pages long and include an introduction, review of literature, statement of a research question(s) or research hypothesis, methodology, discussion of the significance of the research, time table, and references cited. Once a proposal meets the advisor’s approval it is distributed to each committee member at least one week prior to the scheduled proposal defense meeting

The Written Thesis

Like the proposal, the thesis is written with the advice and guidance of the advisor. The thesis defense occurs only after the advisor has approved the thesis and agrees that it may be distributed to the thesis committee. The thesis must be given to committee members at least one week prior to the thesis defense.

Virtually all students have some revisions to make to their thesis after the defense. Once the revisions are completed and the committee has given final approval to the thesis, you must submit an electronic copy of it to the Thesis and Dissertation (TAD) Services office of the Graduate College. Your advisor or the Graduate Chair then submits the signed thesis defense form to the College of Arts and Sciences. Formatting, submission, deadlines for the current academic year, and other guidelines for the thesis are posted on the TAD Services part of the Graduate College webpage .

Proposal and Thesis Defenses

When your advisor agrees that your proposal or thesis is ready to be circulated to your committee and defended, you can schedule your defense for a time that is acceptable to your committee. Every attempt should be made to schedule defenses during the fall or spring semester. Faculty members may not be available for defenses during summer, other break periods, or holidays. The defending student is responsible for arranging a time and room for each defense. Scheduling a two-hour block of time is recommended, especially for the thesis defense. Consult with your thesis advisor to reserve an appropriate space for the proposal and thesis defense. Once your thesis defense is scheduled, prepare a flyer that lists your name, thesis title, a photo or illustration relevant to your thesis topic, and the date, time, and location of the defense. Post these around the department to notify the rest of the OU Geography community about the thesis defense and share the flyer with the Graduate Chair for circulation to faculty. Share the Arrangement for the Oral Thesis Defense form with your thesis advisor when you have your day/time arranged.

Both the proposal defense and the thesis defense begin with an approximately 20 -minute presentation in which the student summarizes the essential aspects of the proposed or completed study. The committee members and other interested faculty and graduate students attend the presentation. After questions from the general audience, the advisor excuses the general audience to begin the part of the defense reserved for the student and committee alone. Unanimous approval by the voting members of the committee is required to pass a proposal or thesis defense. With additional preparation as directed by the student’s advisory committee, a proposal or thesis that was not successfully defended can be redefended for possible approval. 

Be sure to take the required Report on the Oral Thesis Examination form, part of which you fill out, to both the proposal and the thesis defenses. The forms are available from the Department of Geography’s Geography Graduate Courses & Resources page . Your committee chair will keep the signed form until the committee is satisfied with the final, revised version of the thesis.

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• Knowledge Base
• Dissertation

How to Write a Dissertation or Thesis Proposal

Published on September 21, 2022 by Tegan George . Revised on July 18, 2023.

When starting your thesis or dissertation process, one of the first requirements is a research proposal or a prospectus. It describes what or who you want to examine, delving into why, when, where, and how you will do so, stemming from your research question and a relevant topic .

The proposal or prospectus stage is crucial for the development of your research. It helps you choose a type of research to pursue, as well as whether to pursue qualitative or quantitative methods and what your research design will look like.

You can download our templates in the format of your choice below.

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Table of contents

What should your proposal contain, dissertation question examples, what should your proposal look like, dissertation prospectus examples, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about proposals.

Prior to jumping into the research for your thesis or dissertation, you first need to develop your research proposal and have it approved by your supervisor. It should outline all of the decisions you have taken about your project, from your dissertation topic to your hypotheses and research objectives .

Depending on your department’s requirements, there may be a defense component involved, where you present your research plan in prospectus format to your committee for their approval.

Your proposal should answer the following questions:

• Why is your research necessary?
• What is already known about your topic?
• Where and when will your research be conducted?
• Who should be studied?
• How can the research best be done?

Ultimately, your proposal should persuade your supervisor or committee that your proposed project is worth pursuing.

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Strong research kicks off with a solid research question , and dissertations are no exception to this.

Dissertation research questions should be:

• Focused on a single problem or issue
• Researchable using primary and/or secondary sources
• Feasible to answer within the timeframe and practical constraints
• Specific enough to answer thoroughly
• Complex enough to develop the answer over the space of a paper or thesis
• Relevant to your field of study and/or society more broadly
• What are the main factors enticing people under 30 in suburban areas to engage in the gig economy?
• Which techniques prove most effective for 1st-grade teachers at local elementary schools in engaging students with special needs?
• Which communication streams are the most effective for getting those aged 18-30 to the polls on Election Day?

An easy rule of thumb is that your proposal will usually resemble a (much) shorter version of your thesis or dissertation. While of course it won’t include the results section , discussion section , or conclusion , it serves as a “mini” version or roadmap for what you eventually seek to write.

Be sure to include:

• A succinct introduction to your topic and problem statement
• A brief literature review situating your topic within existing research
• A basic outline of the research methods you think will best answer your research question
• The perceived implications for future research
• A reference list in the citation style of your choice

The length of your proposal varies quite a bit depending on your discipline and type of work you’re conducting. While a thesis proposal is often only 3-7 pages long, a prospectus for your dissertation is usually much longer, with more detailed analysis. Dissertation proposals can be up to 25-30 pages in length.

Writing a proposal or prospectus can be a challenge, but we’ve compiled some examples for you to get your started.

• Example #1: “Geographic Representations of the Planet Mars, 1867-1907” by Maria Lane
• Example #2: “Individuals and the State in Late Bronze Age Greece: Messenian Perspectives on Mycenaean Society” by Dimitri Nakassis
• Example #3: “Manhood Up in the Air: A Study of Male Flight Attendants, Queerness, and Corporate Capitalism during the Cold War Era” by Phil Tiemeyer

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If you want to know more about AI for academic writing, AI tools, or research bias, make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

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The research methods you use depend on the type of data you need to answer your research question .

• If you want to measure something or test a hypothesis , use quantitative methods . If you want to explore ideas, thoughts and meanings, use qualitative methods .
• If you want to analyze a large amount of readily-available data, use secondary data. If you want data specific to your purposes with control over how it is generated, collect primary data.
• If you want to establish cause-and-effect relationships between variables , use experimental methods. If you want to understand the characteristics of a research subject, use descriptive methods.

A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical first steps in your writing process. It helps you to lay out and organize your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding what kind of research you’d like to undertake.

Generally, an outline contains information on the different sections included in your thesis or dissertation , such as:

• Your anticipated title
• Your abstract
• Your chapters (sometimes subdivided into further topics like literature review , research methods , avenues for future research, etc.)

A well-planned research design helps ensure that your methods match your research aims, that you collect high-quality data, and that you use the right kind of analysis to answer your questions, utilizing credible sources . This allows you to draw valid , trustworthy conclusions.

The priorities of a research design can vary depending on the field, but you usually have to specify:

• Your research questions and/or hypotheses
• Your overall approach (e.g., qualitative or quantitative )
• The type of design you’re using (e.g., a survey , experiment , or case study )
• Your sampling methods or criteria for selecting subjects
• Your data collection methods (e.g., questionnaires , observations)
• Your data collection procedures (e.g., operationalization , timing and data management)
• Your data analysis methods (e.g., statistical tests  or thematic analysis )

A dissertation prospectus or proposal describes what or who you plan to research for your dissertation. It delves into why, when, where, and how you will do your research, as well as helps you choose a type of research to pursue. You should also determine whether you plan to pursue qualitative or quantitative methods and what your research design will look like.

It should outline all of the decisions you have taken about your project, from your dissertation topic to your hypotheses and research objectives , ready to be approved by your supervisor or committee.

Note that some departments require a defense component, where you present your prospectus to your committee orally.

Formulating a main research question can be a difficult task. Overall, your question should contribute to solving the problem that you have defined in your problem statement .

However, it should also fulfill criteria in three main areas:

• Researchability
• Feasibility and specificity
• Relevance and originality

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How to submit the final version of your PhD thesis

At the end of the examination process all successful PhD and MPhil candidates are required to submit the final version of their thesis to the appropriate College Postgraduate Office.

COVID-19 Update

The requirement for one hard copy thesis to be submitted has been waived during the current circumstances which require remote working for most staff/students. Submission of PhD theses will be electronic only.  A signed declaration is not required in the final version when the submission is deposited in Pure. This concession from the regulations about physical thesis submission will continue for the foreseeable future, and will be reviewed by Academic Services once the pandemic is over. 

Before you submit your thesis

The University has an expectation that a PhD thesis is a document available for public consultation. As such, unless a legitimate reason for restricting access to the thesis exists, all PhD theses will be made publicly available on the internet via the Edinburgh Research Archive (ERA).

It is highly recommended that you discuss with your primary supervisor the implications of publishing your thesis online in ERA . If your thesis contains confidential or sensitive data it may not be appropriate to make the full text freely available online. Similarly if there is the intention to publish the whole, or extracts from, your thesis you may want to restrict access to the electronic version.

Submitting the PDF version

• Go to Pure and log in with your EASE account
• Click on the green ‘Add new’ button on the top right and select ‘Doctoral Thesis’, or alternatively click on ‘Student theses’ on the left-hand-side navigation bar followed by ‘Doctoral Thesis’
• The record should be auto-populated with most of your thesis award information. Please check for completeness, and add in the title of your thesis in the appropriate box.
• Upload your electronic thesis files by clicking on the ‘Add document’ button. If you require an embargo for the PDF add the date and reason in the appropriate boxes. The initial embargo length is one year from date of graduation. The date will be checked by Library staff and changed if a different value is added without permission.
• Please remove any signatures, personal postal and email addresses from the PDF version.
• Upload your Access to Thesis form alongside your thesis files.
• Supplementary data can be added alongside the thesis text. Change the ‘Type’ to ‘Supplementary materials’ and upload the files as described above. The record Visibility needs to be set to ' Backend - Restricted to Pure users ' 
• To finish, set the status to ' Entry in progress ', click the blue ‘Save’ button at the bottom of the screen and the submission is ready for validation by college office staff.

Submitting the final hardbound version is not required

Submission of PhD theses is now electronic only - see the steps above.

Data preservation and sharing

If your thesis has supplementary data (for example images, videos, source code or analytical data) we would like to store a copy of this data alongside the thesis text. We do this to try and preserve the fullest record of the work as possible. Datasets should be supported by good accompanying documentation which is appropriate to your subject discipline. The UK Data  Service offers some specialist advice in this area. We do not routinely allow public access to this data; however, if you wish to share your data with others we recommend the Edinburgh DataShare service.

Edinburgh Datashare

If you have a lot of supplementary files - for example lots of images, data in multiple spreadsheets or video formats - we don't recommend depositing them in PURE. Instead, contact the Scholarly Communications Team and we can advise the best way to send them to us.

Redacting material from your thesis

If you wish to make your thesis available to the public to consult, but there are  problematic elements that cannot be openly shared then it is possible to submit a redacted version. We typically recommend partial thesis redactions are suitable for the following scenarios:

Third-party copyright

Where third party copyright has not been obtained, students may submit an edited thesis, as an alternative to requesting an embargo. 

Sensitive material 

If the thesis contains confidential or sensitive information, e.g. transcripts of interviews, which cannot be shared or anonymised.

Photographs

If your thesis contains photographs of people and you do not have their permission to publish their image online.

It is possible to design your thesis in a way which means the problematic material is easy to remove. For example, if you are planning to use a large number of photographs, you could layout your thesis with the photographs in a separate appendix which can be  easily removed.

Students who have chosen to submit a redacted version of their thesis would also need to submit a full unedited copy which will be securely kept stored by the Library. This is important to preserve the integrity of the academic record of the University. Both versions of the files should be uploaded to the Thesis Module in Pure with the files clearly named to differentiate between the two. We recommend the following file naming convention:

<Last name><First initial>_<Year>_COMPLETE    

<Last name><First initial>_<Year>_REDACTED

e.g. SmithJ_2023_COMPLETE.pdf  

Reasons for requesting an embargo period

If the redaction option is not possible then students are permitted to embargo their thesis under certain conditions described below:

Planned publication

Normally a longer embargo period may be granted when there are firm publication plans in place, e.g. where a manuscript has been submitted to a publisher and is in a formal stage of publication (submitted, accepted, in press). Vague plans for publication are not normally accepted.

Commercial confidentiality

There may be contractual restrictions imposed by a sponsor, which could include industrial sponsors or governmental agencies.

Patent application

Patent applications can be rejected by the premature publication of research. Where the research might lead to a commercial application or patent then we recommend that the Intellectual Property needs to be protected.

Contains personal data

Where a thesis contains personally identifiable or ethically sensitive data or where material obtained in the thesis was obtained under a guarantee of confidentiality we would consider placing an embargo. These issues should have been addressed at an early stage of the research project.

Where third party copyright has not been obtained, students may submit an edited thesis, as an alternative to requesting an embargo. They would also need to submit an unedited hard copy which will be secured kept.

Publication could endanger health and safety or prejudice national security

The thesis contains sensitive material (political or otherwise) which could put at risk the authors or participants if made openly available. These issues should have been addressed at an early stage of the research project.

How to request a Thesis Restriction

How to request a 12 month embargo.

You can restrict access to the electronic version of your thesis for one year without any special permissions. If an embargo is required, this must be indicated on the Access to Thesis form, otherwise, the thesis may be made publicly available. This form should be deposited in Pure alongside the full text of the thesis.

At the end of the embargo period, the University is under no obligation to contact you about extending the period of restriction. If towards the end of your embargo period you have any concerns that the forthcoming public availability of your thesis would be problematic please contact the Library ( [email protected] ) and the Scholarly Communications Team will be able to help.

Embargo requests longer than 12 months

Requests for embargoes that exceed 12 months starting from the date the work is added to the Library’s collection require Head of School approval and must be accompanied by a clear rationale as to why a longer period is required. Complete Section 2 of the Access to a Thesis form to request an extended embargo. Extended embargoes beyond five years will not normally be approved unless there are very exceptional reasons. Normally any relevant evidence to support a request for an extended embargo should be attached to the request, e.g. publishing contract or correspondence from industrial sponsors.

Click here to download the  ACCESS TO THESIS & PUBLICATION OF ABSTRACT FORM  , or visit the general  Doctoral Thesis Submission webpages for more information.

Further help and information

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武汉大学博士学位论文撰写及印制规格的规定

时间：2016-03-22 00:00:00    来源：    点击： _showdynclicks("wbnews", 1602338758, 3231).

   国务院学位办文件规定：研究生学位论文撰写和编印必须符合国家标准局统一编制格式，并将博士学位论文提交北京图书馆和北京科技信息研究所收入国家级图书编目，以便及时向社会提供查阅服务，促进国内外学术交流。根据文件精神结合我校学位论文归档的要求，对我校博士学位论文印制规格作出如下规定：

一、论文装订格式的排列顺序

（一）封面（格式和要求见附页一）

（二）论文英文题目（专用—页纸，上方为题目，用宋体二号字；下方为研究生姓名，用宋体四号字。外文专业应有中文题目）

（三）论文原创性声明（格式和要求见附页二）

（四）学位论文使用授权协议书（格式和要求见附页三）

（五）博士生自认为的论文创新点

（八）目录（格式和要求见附页四）

（十）正文（格式和要求见附页五）

（十一）中外文参考文献（格式和要求见附页六）

（十二）攻博期间发表的与学位论文相关的科研成果目录（格式参见附页六：参考文献排列格式）

（十三）后记 / 致谢

二、论文印制规格及要求

（一）论文用A4张（210×2976mm）标准大小的白纸打印；正文部分双面印制。

（二）论文在打印时，纸张四周留足空白边缘，每页上方（天头）和左侧（订口）应分别留边25mm以上，下方（地脚）和右侧（切口）分别留边25mm以上。

（一）分类号。必须在封面左上角注明分类号，一般应注明《中国图书资料分类法》的类号，同时尽可能注明《国际十进分类法UDC》的类号。

（二）密级。论文必须按国家规定的保密条例在右上角注明密级（如系公开型论文则可不注明密级）。

（三）编号。武汉大学编号为10486，位置在封面右上角。

（四）论文题目。题目必须用楷体标准一号字标注于明显的位置，应集中概括论文最重要的内容，一般不超过20个字，以有助于选定关键词和编制题录。题目不能用缩略词、首字母缩写字、字符、代号和公式。题目语意未尽，可用副标题补充说明。外语专业的论文题目一般采用英文，英文题目不宜超过10个实词。

（六）论文指导教师姓名。指导教师姓名必须填写当年被学校批准招收博士生的教师。

（七）专业名称。专业名称必须是我校已有学位授予权的学科专业，须按国家颁布的学科专业目录中一级学科或二级学科名称印制。

（八）书脊（专指博士学位论文）。书脊上应用仿宋体四号字于上方标明论文题目，下方注明研究生姓名。

（九）论文封面统一用120克铜版纸，封面底色为白色。

（十）论文封面格式要求详见附页一。

论文英文题目专用一页纸，“英文题目”用Times New Roman字体二号字，其下“研究生姓名”用Times New Roman字体四号字；外语专业应为中文题目。

“论文原创性声明”用黑体小二号字，内容用宋体四号字，具体内容见附页二。

“中文摘要”用黑体小二号字，内容用宋体小四号字，页码用罗马数字单独编排，并标注在每页页脚中部。

“英文摘要”用加粗Times New Roman小二号字，内容用Times New Roman小四号字，页码续接中文摘要的页码。

每篇论文必须选取3-5个中、英文关键词，排在其论文摘要的左下方，用黑体小四号字。

目录是论文的提纲，也是论文组成部分的小标题。排列顺序是：1、中文摘要2、英文摘要3、引言4、正文章节5、中外文参考文献6、攻博期间发表的科研成果目录7、后记（可不要此项）。每项须标明页码。

论文的页码由引言（绪论）的首页开始，作为第1页，并为右页，一律用阿拉伯数字连续编排页码，必须统一标注在每页页脚中部。

正文是学位论文的核心部分，必须另页开始，一级标题之间换页，二级标题之间空行；内容一律用宋体小四号字，字间距设置为标准字间距，行间距设置为最小值20磅，各章、节应有序号。

参考文献用黑体四号字，内容用宋体五号字。

十三、学位论文印刷份数

由培养单位根据需要决定印刷份数。在学位论文定稿后，可先印刷数份给论文评阅人和答辩委员，论文评阅人和答辩委员对论文的意见进行修改后，才能正式印刷，提交学校存档。

十四、论文制作时须加页眉

页眉从中文摘要开始至论文末，偶数页码内容为“武汉大学博士学位论文”，奇数页码内容为学位论文题目。

附页一:  武汉大学博士学位论文（学术学位）封面参考模板.doc  

           武汉大学博士学位论文（专业学位）封面参考模板.doc

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The modelling and measurement of nuclear reaction cross-sections & the production of a technetium fission yield tracer

Allen, Ross A.M. (2023). The modelling and measurement of nuclear reaction cross-sections & the production of a technetium fission yield tracer. University of Birmingham. Ph.D.

The 20\(^{th}\) century saw the dawn of the nuclear age, in which humanity harnessed the strong nuclear force through the nuclear processes of fission and fusion. Nuclear science expanded our understanding of matter beyond chemical elements, to include over 7,000 predicted nuclei, each with discrete characteristics born out of their nuclear structure. An understanding of nuclear reactions and decay of nuclei enabled energy production with densities orders of magnitude greater than traditional means, and the diagnosis and treatment of a range of diseases. These advancements also came with baggage in the form of security and environmental challenges. The characterisation and detection of radionuclides is of huge importance in nuclear science, whether that be optimising the operation of nuclear reactors based on the distribution of fuel products, the detection of clandestine nuclear activity by rogue states through the detection of products produced in nuclear weapons testing, and the mitigation of environmental damage by accurately being able to quantify the transport of radionuclides through matter and the biosphere. All isotopes of a given element act chemically identically due to their identical electron configuration, however, they each possess unique physical fingerprints in the form of decay channels, reaction probabilities, and reaction mechanisms. The combination of these factors opens up a realm of possibilities, whereby the chemical transport of different isotopes of the same element is identical, while the presence of different isotopes can be determined by their unique nuclear characteristics, two facts which are leveraged with radiotracers. The field of radiotracers is ubiquitous in medicine, energy, and nuclear security, with the production of high-purity radioactive isotopes with specific physical and chemical characteristics for a range of applications in an evolving field.

The development of such a tracer involves several stages, centering around the optimisation of nuclear reactions to enable the production of exotic elements and isotopes often not present in nature, which through optimised particle accelerator production combined with a series of refined chemical separation steps can produce high isotopic purities. This thesis focuses on developing a radio-tracer of \(^{97}\)Tc for the analysis of long-lived fission product \(^{99}\)Tc. The workflow can act as an effective template for future tracer development, with clear steps from concept to a standardised tracer suitable for commercial deployment. With \(^{99}\)Tc being a high-yield fission product produced 6.1% of the time in thermal neutron-induced fission of \(^{235}\)U [1], a commercially viable mass tracer for technetium-99 is highly sought after in the nuclear industry, with applications in nuclear security, decommissioning, environmental monitoring and optimising reactor power cycles.

As a mass spectrometry tracer of \(^{99}\)Tc, \(^{97}\)Tc was determined as the only suitable candidate isotope, produced indirectly through the decay of a \(^{97}\)Ru generator. Six reactions were then compared using natural abundance targets: \(^{nat}\)Mo(\(^{3}\)He,xn)\(^{97}\)Ru, \(^{nat}\)Mo(α,xn)\(^{97}\)Ru, \(^{nat}\)Ru(p, X)\(^{97}\)Ru, \(^{nat}\)Ru(d, X)\(^{97}\)Ru, \(^{nat}\)Ru(\(^{3}\)He,X)\(^{97}\)Ru, and \(^{nat}\)Ru(α,X)\(^{97}\)Ru. A computational tool for the running of nuclear reaction modelling and isotope inventory calculations called ”The University of Birmingham Tool for Isotope Production (UoB-TIP)” was developed during this project. This software enabled a range of nuclear reactions to be modelled using TALYS and TASMAN nuclear reaction codes and FISPACT-II transmutation code. This enabled the rapid comparison of accelerator-driven production routes, while also executing the parsing and visualisation of data, enabling determination of the optimum target-beam combination, particle energy, and the time to chemically separate to maximise quantity and purity.

Quantitative results from this software package, along with coordination with the National Physical Laboratory on the potential chemical purification, \(^{nat}\)Mo(α, xn)\(^{97}\)Ru was determined to be the most promising reaction. This is due to the large cross-section of \(^{97}\)Ru production, high threshold energy of contaminant isotope \(^{99}\)Mo, and a novel separation scheme developed during this project which utilised the recently developed TK202 extraction chromatography resin.

A high-precision nuclear reaction cross-section method was developed for charged particle spectroscopy at the University of Birmingham MC\(_{40}\) cyclotron, including experimental set-up and semi-automated analysis software. This method was used to improve accuracy in nuclear reaction cross-sections for Mo-α, with the method and experimental results in this thesis.

Following this, a novel chemical separation method was developed at the National Physical Laboratory using TK202 resin. The optimum operating conditions were found to be 5M NaOH for a high retention of Tc. This enables easy separation of the Tc produced in the reaction from the \(^{97}\)Ru generator with a successive step extracting the \(^{97}\)Tc, produced through the decay of the tracer with a half-life of 2.83(32) d, from any stable Ru and Mo in the remaining target.

Type of Work:	Thesis (Doctorates > Ph.D.)
Award Type:	Doctorates > Ph.D.
Supervisor(s):	Supervisor(s) Email ORCID Wheldon, Tzanka Kokalova UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Wheldon, Carl UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Russell, Ben UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Ivanov, Peter UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Request a Correction View Item Downloads per month over past year View more statistics 243 IMAGES GitHub How to write a PhD: A template 😊 Phd thesis paper format. Thesis or dissertation sample. 2019-02-11 10+ Thesis Proposal Templates Thesis Format Master Thesis Defense Presentation Template Free Download VIDEO Literature Review Template for Thesis/Proposal 7 Steps Problem Statement Template! (𝙎𝙀𝑪𝙍𝑬𝙏!) PhD thesis printing from Patel Printers Mumbai Part 2 : How and what to write Thesis writing PhD Thesis w/ RMarkdown & oxforddown, part 9: The LaTeX templates behind the PDF output COMMENTS Templates UCI Libraries maintains the following templates to assist in formatting your graduate manuscript. 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As such, unless a legitimate reason for restricting access to the thesis exists, all PhD theses will be made publicly available on the internet via the Edinburgh Research Archive (ERA).. It is highly recommended that you discuss with your primary supervisor the implications of publishing your ... IIT Jodhpur_Masters&PhD_Thesis_Template IIT Jodhpur Masters & Doctoral Thesis Template! This LaTeX template is designed to help students of IIT Jodhpur create their thesis or dissertation with ease and adherence to the institute's guidelines. This template is unofficial and provided "as is" without any guarantees. 武汉大学博士学位论文撰写及印制规格的规定 国务院学位办文件规定：研究生学位论文撰写和编印必须符合国家标准局统一编制格式，并将博士学位论文提交北京图书馆和北京科技信息研究所收入国家级图书编目，以便及时向社会提供查阅服务，促进国内外学术交流。 The modelling and measurement of nuclear reaction cross-sections & the This thesis focuses on developing a radio-tracer of \(^{97}\)Tc for the analysis of long-lived fission product \(^{99}\)Tc. The workflow can act as an effective template for future tracer development, with clear steps from concept to a standardised tracer suitable for commercial deployment. With \(^{99}\)Tc being a high-yield fission product ... assignment essay homework paper phd report resume speech thesis