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Class 9 Information Technology IT 402 NOTES or Study Material

Class 9 information technology notes unit -wise.

As per latest circular of CBSE and according to new education policy (NEP) , skill education is very important. CBSE has made skill subject compulsory for class 9 to class 12 . There is a list of skill subject available on CBSE website . Click here to download list of skill subjects offered by CBSE. IT i.e Information Technology (code 402) is most common and useful subject for the students. Here , you will get everything you needed to study skill subject – IT i.e Information Technology for class 9 as per latest syllabus of CBSE. You will get copy of NCERT book for class 9 IT 402 , study material and sample papers etc.

Syllabus of Class 9 IT 402

Syllabus of Class 9 Information Technology IT 402 has two parts –

Part A – Employability Skills

Part b – subject specific -domestic data entry job, notes / study material for part b subject specific of class 9 it 402.

Part B contain 5 Units-

Unit 1.Introduction to IT -ITes Industry-

Class 9 IT 402 Unit 1 – Introduction to IT -ITes Industry Question – Answer

Unit 2. Data entry and Keyboarding Skills

Class 9 IT 402 Unit 2 Data entry and Keyboarding Skills Notes

Class 9 IT 402 Unit 2 Data entry and Keyboarding Skills Question – Answer / MCQ

Unit 3. Digital Documentation

Class 9 IT 402 Unit 3 Digital Documentation Question – Answer / MCQ

Unit 4. Electronic Spreadsheet

Class 9 IT 402 Unit 4 Electronic Spreadsheet Question – Answer / MCQ

Unit 5. Digital Presentations

Class 9 IT 402 Unit 5 Digital Presentations Question – Answer / MCQ

All Links are updating soon

• Class 10 Information Technology (IT) Session 2024-25
• Important MCQ of Database Concepts of Computer Science
• Important MCQ of Exception and File Handling in Python
• Important MCQ of Human Geography: Nature and Scope

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Types of Software

Class 9 - kips cyber beans cbse computer code 165, multiple choice questions.

A master control program that runs the computer is an ............... .

• Interpreter
• Operating System

Reason — A master control program that runs the computer is an Operating System.

Which of the following is not a hardware component?

• Laser Printer

Reason — Operating System is a software component.

GUI is used as an interface between ............... .

• Hardware and Software

User and Hardware

• Software and User
• Man and Monitor

Reason — GUI is used as an interface between User and Hardware.

MS PowerPoint is an example of ............... .

• Database Software
• Multimedia Software
• Presentation Software
• None of these

Reason — MS PowerPoint is an example of Presentation Software.

Which of the following is not a function of an Operating System?

• File Management
• Memory Management
• Processor Management

Database Management

Reason — Database Management is not a function of an Operating System.

Which of the following is CUI based Operating System?

• Windows Vista

All of these

Reason — MS DOS is CUI based Operating System.

It is a collection of one or more programs, which is designed to control the overall operation and performance of the computer system.

• Utility Software
• System Software
• Application Software
• Customised Software

Reason — System Software is a collection of one or more programs, which is designed to control the overall operation and performance of the computer system.

Which language processor converts a program written in a High Level Language into Machine Language program line by line?

Reason — Interpreter converts a program written in a High Level Language into Machine Language program line by line.

Disk cleanup is a ............... tool.

Virus Scanner Cleaner

• Disk Management
• File Folder Management

Reason — Disk cleanup is a Disk Management tool.

Question 10

Which type of Application software is used in the Billing System?

• Specific Purpose

General Purpose

Reason — Customized Application software is used in the Billing System.

Question 11

Which type of Application software is the Kaspersky?

Reason — Kaspersky is a type of Virus Scanner Cleaner Application software.

Question 12

Which software acts as a co-ordinator between hardware and software?

Reason — Operating System acts as a co-ordinator between hardware and software.

Question 13

The physical component of the computer system which we can touch and feel is called ............... .

Reason — The physical component of the computer system which we can touch and feel is called Hardware.

Question 14

General Purpose Application Software includes ............... .

• Word Processing

Reason — General Purpose Application Software includes Presentation Software, DBMS and Word Processing software.

Question 15

Which software is commonly designed to meet the needs of individual or organisations ?

Reason — General Purpose software is commonly designed to meet the needs of individual or organisations.

Question 16

Assembly language uses ............... codes.

Reason — Assembly language uses Mnemonic codes.

Question 17

............... do not need web access and run independently on computer.

• Desktop apps

Reason — Desktop apps do not need web access and run independently on computer.

Question 18

............... are designed keeping in mind the device specifications.

Reason — Native apps are designed keeping in mind the device specifications.

Question 19

............... are usually smaller in size as the devices on which they are installed have limited memory.

mobile apps

Reason — Mobile apps are usually smaller in size as the devices on which they are installed have limited memory.

Question 20

............... apps are usually browser based and stored on a remote server.

Reason — Web apps are usually browser based and stored on a remote server.

Fill in the blanks

The collection of programs and procedures that instructs a computer how to perform different types of tasks is called ............... .

The collection of programs and procedures that instructs a computer how to perform different types of tasks is called Software .

The ............... software support the smooth functioning of the computer and run the various programs efficiently.

The Utility software support the smooth functioning of the computer and run the various programs efficiently.

............... helps to reduce consumption of storage space and ensures faster transfer of large files.

Compression helps to reduce consumption of storage space and ensures faster transfer of large files.

............... is the facility to free up disk space by deleting files that are not being used for a long time.

Disk Cleanup is the facility to free up disk space by deleting files that are not being used for a long time.

A ............... program helps to perform calculations, analyze data, and display the information in a tabular manner.

A Spreadsheet program helps to perform calculations, analyze data, and display the information in a tabular manner.

A ............... transforms human readable source code of an entire program into machine language code.

A Compiler transforms human readable source code of an entire program into machine language code.

............... are special programs which control the execution of a particular hardware device.

Device Drivers are special programs which control the execution of a particular hardware device.

DTP stands for ............... .

DTP stands for Desktop Publishing .

............... is a process of conversion of data into a form that cannot easily be understood by anyone.

Encryption is a process of conversion of data into a form that cannot easily be understood by anyone.

State True or False

School software is a part of General Purpose Application Software.

Reason — School software is a part of Customised Application Software.

Decryption is the process of converting the data which cannot be understood by all humans.

Reason — Encryption is the process of converting the data which cannot be understood by all humans.

Mobile apps are usually developed for a specific Operating System and device.

Reason — Mobile apps are usually developed for a specific Operating System and device.

The Antivirus software in our computer guarantees the 100% protection from virus.

Reason — An Antivirus software in a computer does not guarantee the 100 % protection from virus, as the installed Antivirus program would not be able to detect new virus programs.

Tally, Wings and Busy are some popular accounting software in India.

Reason — Tally, Wings and Busy are some popular accounting software in India.

The storage of a file in several non-contiguous areas of a disk rather than a single contiguous unit is called Disk Cleanup.

Reason — The storage of a file in several non-contiguous areas of a disk rather than a single contiguous unit is called Disk Fragmentation.

DBMS is a Utility software.

Reason — DBMS is a General Purpose Application Software.

Interpreter converts and executes machine language to High Level Language line by line.

Reason — Interpreter converts and executes High Level Language to machine language line by line.

Encryption is done using an algorithm called cipher.

Reason — Encryption is done using an algorithm called cipher.

You cannot easily create, add, find, update, and sort the information stored in a database.

Reason — We can easily create, add, find, update, and sort the information stored in a database.

Application Based Questions

Match the correct application software for corresponding task.

Which General Purpose Application Software package will you recommend to New Girls Public School for producing school accounts?

Rohit has to transfer a large presentation file to his head office which is located in another country. Which Utility software tool will you recommend him for this task?

Rohit can use a compressor software to compress the file and make it smaller in size. Then, he can use cloud services to transfer the file to his head office.

Encryption is the process of conversion of data into a form that cannot be easily understood by anyone except those possessing special information, usually referred as a key. This is done using an algorithm. Name the algorithm.

At times the hard disk of a system fails and loses all the files stored in it. Thus, in order to restore original files at the time of such failures what advice will you give to a multinational organization manufacturing apparels?

I will advise the multinational organization to keep their files and data in back up storage devices in order to restore original files at the time of such failures.

Short Answer Type Questions

Name the two types of software.

Two types of software are:

What is System software?

System software is a collection of one or more programs, which are designed to control the overall operation and performance of a computer system. For example, operating system,device drivers etc.

What is the utility of disk cleanup?

Disk Cleanup utility searches the computer hard disk for unnecessary files that are not being used for a long time and occupying huge amount of space. It helps to free up disk space by deleting these files which can be of the following types- Temporary internet files, Downloaded program files, Recycle bin files, Windows temporary files, etc.

Briefly describe the disk defragmenter program.

A Disk Defragmenter program is used to rearrange all files and directories into one contiguous area of disk and consolidate the free space in one contiguous block. This helps in smooth and speedy retrieval of data from the disk.

Where is encryption primarily used?

Encryption is primarily used in defense services. It is even used in civilian systems, like Online Banking, E-commerce, Mobile Services, etc., to facilitate secret communication and privacy of data.

Name the most popular encryption software which can be downloaded free of charge.

Flexcrypt is the most popular encryption software which can be downloaded free of charge.

Give two examples of each: a. Operating System b. Desktop Publishing Software c. Database Management System d. Backup Software e. Antivirus Software f. Programming Language

a. Operating System — Windows XP, Linus

b. Desktop Publishing Software — PageMaker, CorelDRAW

c. Database Management System — MS-Access, Oracle

d. Backup Software — Delta copy, Ace Backup

e. Antivirus Software — McAfee, Norton

f. Programming Language — Java, Python

NCERT Solutions for Class 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Foundation of Information Technology – Computer Software

January 5, 2018 by Rama Krishna

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. What is a computer software? Answer: Computer software is a collection of programs, procedure and related data that provide the instructions for telling a computer what to do and how to do it.

Question 2. What do you mean by system software? Answer: System software refers to the programs that controls internal computer operations and makes best use of the hardware devices.

More Resources for CBSE Class 9

NCERT Solutions

• NCERT Solutions Class 9 Maths
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 Science
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 Social Science
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 English
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 Hindi
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 Sanskrit
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 IT
• RD Sharma Class 9 Solutions

Question 3. What do you mean by an operating system? Answer: Operating system is a program that acts as an interface between the user and the hardware.

Question 4. In order to use the printer, an operating system will need a special type of software. This software is known as what? Answer: In order to use the printer, an operating system will need a device driver software.

Question 5. Which language processor converts an HLL program into machine language at once? Answer: Compiler is a language processor which converts whole HLL program into machine language at once which can be understood by the processor.

Question 6. Define a utility software. Answer: A utility software is a system software designed to help in the management and tuning of operating systems, computer hardwares and different application softwares.

Question 7. Mention some examples of utility software. Answer: Data compression utilities, virus protection utilities and disk defragmentation utilities.

Question 8. Which software do you use to keep your system intact from computer viruses? Answer: Antivirus software is used to keep your system intact from computer viruses.

Question 9. Why we cannot use a text editor as a picture editing tool? Answer: Text editor is a editing program which does not support the editing of graphical images because it works only on text.

Question 10. Describe an application software. Answer: An application software is designed to help the user to perform specific functions.

Question 11. Why do we use spreadsheets? Answer: A spreadsheet is specially used to organise data in tables and to analyse the tabulated data in desired manner. It allows you to do a lot of calculations.

Question 12. Name the software used to control redundancy from a collection of large amount of data. Answer: A database is a collection of integrated data stored together with controlled redundancy to serve one or more applications in an optimal fashion.

Question 13. Name the latest attendance recording devices used in an attendance system. Answer: Biometrics and Access cards.

Question 14. What do you mean by machine language? Answer: Machine language is the only language that is understood by the computers. It is a collection of binary digits (0 or 1) or bits that the computer reads and interprets.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. Name the types of software with examples for each. Answer: There are two types of software, i.e. system software and application software. Language processors (interpreters, compilers and assemblers), operating systems etc., are the examples of system software. Whereas, payroll system, accounting software etc., are the examples of an application software.

Question 2. Write a short note an BIOS. Answer: The Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) is commonly known as ; system BIOS. It is a boot firmware or a small program that controls various electronic devices attached to the main computer system. The initial function of the BIOS is to initialise system devices such as RAM, hard disk, CD/DVD drive, video display card and other hardwares. It sets the machine hardware into a known state that helps the operating system to configure the hardware components. This process is known as Booting Up the computer.

Question 3. Which is more beneficial a compiler or an interpreter and why? Answer: Compiler is more bent fi cial than an interpreter for translating a high leve, language program into machine language program because compilation process of a compiler is nearly 5 to 25 times faster than interpreter.

Question 4. What are the functions of an interpreter? Answer: Interpreter is very useful for debugging and suitable for novice programmer. This is a slow process and consumes less memory space. Some basic functions of an interpreter are as follows:

• Translates one instruction at a time.
• It checks the execution of the instructions line-by-line.

Question 5. Distinguish between compiler and interpreters. Answer:

  Question 6. Explain any one utility software. Answer: It is a system software designed to help in management and tuning of operating systems, computer hardwares and different application softwares. A single piece of utility software is usually called a utility or a tool. Utilities are those application programs that assist the computer by performing house-keeping functions like backing up disk or scanning/cleaning viruses. A utility program carries out some of the common tasks, while using a computer system. Utility software is also known as service program, service tool or utility routine. It differs from applications mostly in terms of size, complexity and function. Utility programs are bundled with operating systems. However, these programs are also available in a separate package and that’s why they are sometimes considered separate from system software. Utilities include Disk Compression, Backup, Virus Protection Utilities (Antivirus), Disk Defragmentation Utilities etc.

Question 7. Explain the main role of data backup software. Answer: Backup software is used to make a copy of all the information stored on a disk and restore it when needed. An ideal data backup software provides functionalities beyond simple copying of data files. This software often supports user needs to specifying what is to be backed up and when.

Question 8. What is the use of disk defragmenter? Answer: It can detect computer files, whose contents are broken across several locations on the hard disk and move these fragments in a particular location to increase storage efficiency. You can use disk defragmenter to rearrange files and unused space of your hard disk, so that programs run fast, e.g. MyDefrag, PerfectDisk, Diskeeper, Defraggler etc. You can start Disk Defragmentation process as follows: Click Start —> All Programs —> Accessories —> System Tools —> Disk Defragmenter.

Question 9. What do you mean by debugging? Answer: The process of searching and correcting bugs (errors) in a program is called debugging and debugger is a program that is used as an aid to remove bugs from program. Bug in a small computer program causing a problem to crash the system or produce an invalid output.

Question 10. What are the four steps in debugging? Answer: The four steps in debugging are as follows:

• Discovering of the bug
• Isolation of the bug
• Finding the bug
• Fixing the bug

Question 11. What do you understand by network utilities? Write some cpmmands to start a network utility? Answer: Network utilities provide a way to check the connectivity of a network and log events while using the Internet, ipconfig, ping, spray etc., are some commands to start a network utility.

Question 12. What is the use of network utility? Answer: Network utility analyses the computer’s network connectivity, configure network settings, check the data transfer or log events. It works for the router to check whether the network is connected or not and other technical issues.

Question 13. Explain file manager. Answer: It is a software program that provides a user interface to work with file system. It helps a user to manage all the files on its computer system. All file managers allow the user to view, edit, copy and delete the files on its computer system, e.g. Nomad.net, Master Commander, Unreal Commander etc.

Question 14. What is the difference between machine language and assembly language? Answer: Difference between machine language and assembly language are as follows:

Question 15. Explain encryption and decryption. Answer: A process to convert a plain text into cipher text is called encryption. Whereas, a process to convert a cipher text into plain text is called decryption.

Question 16. What is general purpose application software? Give some examples of general purpose application. Answer: General purpose application softwares are those softwares, which are used for any general function. They allow people to do simple computer tasks. It is sometimes referred to as GPS. e.g. graphics, multimedia, presentation software, desktop publishing software etc.

Question 17. Why do we use reservation system? Answer: It is a computerised system used to store and retrieve information and conduct transactions related to air travel, hotels, car rental or other activities. It is an application software which is commonly seen at railway reservation offices, this software helps the concerned department to automatically check the availability of the seats or berths of any train and on any particular date with an incomparable speed.

Question 18. What are HLLs? Give example of some HLLs. Answer: It is an advanced computer programming language that is not limited to one computer, designed for a specific job and is easier to understand. The main advantage of high level languages over low level languages is that they are easier to read, write and understand, e.g. BASIC, C, FORTRAN, Java and Pascal.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1. What is an operating system? Explain its functions with an examples. Answer: It is a program that acts as an interface between the user and the hardware (i.e. for all computer resources). An operating system is an important component of a computer system, which controls and co-ordinates all other components of it. It activates all devices that makes them ready for work. It also performs all internal management functions and ensures systematic functioning of a computer system. The operating system performs the following functions:

• It recognises input from keyboard and sends output to the display screen.
• It makes sure that the programs running simultaneously do not interfere with each other.
• It is also responsible for security, ensuring that unauthorised users cannot access the system e.g. MS-DOS, Windows 95, Windows XP, Windows Vista etc.

Question 2. Describe utility software and also define its types. Answer: It is a system software designed to help in management and tuning of operating systems, computer hardwares and different application softwares. A single piece of utility software is usually called a utility or a tool. Utilities are those application programs that assist the computer by performing house-keeping functions like backing up disk or scanning/cleaning viruses. A utility program carries out some of the common tasks, while using a computer system. Utility software is also known as service program, service tool or utility routine. It differs from applications mostly in terms of size, complexity and function. Utility programs are bundled with operating systems. However, these programs are also available in a separate package and that’s why they are sometimes considered separate from system software. Utilities include Disk Compression, Backup, Virus Protection Utilities (Antivirus), Disk Defragmentation Utilities etc.

• Disk Compression It is a utility software which perform the task of emphasis on the drive, so that more space is available for additional data to be stored.
• Backup It can make copy of all information stored on a disk and restore either the entire disk files (e.g. an event of disk failure) or selected files (e.g. an event of accidental deletion) on the user defined storage.
• Disk Defragmenter It can detect computer files, whose contents are broken across several locations on the hard disk and move these fragments in a particular location to increase storage efficiency.
• Disk Checker and Disk Cleaner Disk Checker is a fully-featured disk diagnostics and repairing tool with backup ability.
• Disk Partition Tool It is an utility tool which can divide an individual drive into multiple logical drives, each with its own file system which can be mounted by the operating system and treated as an individual drive.

Question 3. Name at least two softwares that could be used to produce a publication such as brochure or newsletter. Explain each. Answer: A brochure or newsletter can be produced using

• Word processor
• DTP software

A Word processor is a general software, which is used for the processing of textual matter and creation of organised and error less documents. However, there are several Word processors, which offer features and utilities similar to DTP software. So, even they can be used for creating professional publications. A DTP software is meant for creating professional publications. It combines the functions of traditional typesetter and a layout artist to produce documents such as newsletters, brochures, leaflets, magazines etc.

Question 4. Explain Database Management. What are the features of DBMS? Answer: It refers to the software that is responsible for storing, maintaining and utilising a database. It enables a user to define, create and maintain the database and provide controlled access on it. A database is a collection of integrated data stored together to serve multiple applications. DataBase Managements System provides several additional features which are as follows:

• Removes data redundancy
• Elimination of data inconsistency
• Data integration
• Dat a sharing
• Data security e.g. MS-Access, Corel Paradox, Lotus Approach, MySQL, OpenOffice.org Base etc.

Question 5. Explain any five specific purpose application softwares. Answer:

• Hotel Management System It refers to the management techniques used in the hotel sector. It includes hotel administration, accounts, billing marketing, housekeeping, front office or front desk, e.g. Hotelogix PMS, Djubo, True Hotel Management, Aatithya HMS etc.
• Payroll Management System It is used by all modern organisations to encompass every employee of the organisation, who receives regular wages or other compensation. All different payment methods are calculated by the payroll software and the appropriate paychecks are issued. This software can also be used for printing or E-mailing the salary slip of employees, e.g. Namely, UltiPro etc.

HR Management System It refers to the systems and processes at the intersection between Human Resource Management (HRM) and Information Technology (IT). The function of HR department is generally administrative and common in all organisations. e.g. Effective Staff, Cezanne HR etc.

• Biometric integration
• Manual attendance integration e.g. eTimeTrackLite, Pyramid PTR 4000 etc.
• Billing System It refers to the software that is used to’ perform the billing process. It handles the tracking of labelled products and services delivered to a customer or set of customers. e.g. Billing Manager, BillingTracker, kBilling etc.

Question 6. What is an accounting software and HR management system. Also, name the types of accounting software? Answer: Accounting Software This system records and processes accounting transactions within functional modules such as accounts payable, accounts receivable, payroll and trial balance. It works as an accounting information system. There are several types of accounting software as follows:

• Accounts payable software
• Bank reconciliation software
• Budget management software etc. e.g. Tally ERP9, HDPOS, MARG, ProfitBooks etc.

Question 7. What are the generations of languages. Explain them. Answer:

• The first generation languages or 1GLs are low level languages like machine language. It is the only language understood by the computers. Sometimes, it referred to as machine code or object code or binary language. It is a collection of binary digits (0 or 1) or bits that the computer reads and interprets.
• The second generation languages or 2GLs are also low level languages that generally consist of assembly language. It is a low level programming language, which is used as an interface with computer hardwares. It uses structured commands as substitutions for numbers, allowing humans to read the code easier than looking at binary codes.
• The third generation languages or 3GLs are high level languages such as C. It is an advanced computer programming language that is not limited to one computer, designed for a specific job and is easier to understand. The main advantage of high level languages over low level languages is that they are easier to read, write and understand, e.g. BASIC, C, FORTRAN, Java and Pascal.
• The fourth generation languages or 4GLs are the languages that consists of statements similar to the statements of human language. 4GLs are commonly used in database programming and scripting programming.
• The fifth generation languages or 5GLs are programming languages that contains visual tools, which helps to develop a program. A good example of 5GLS is Visual Basic.

Application Oriented Questions

Question 1. The following paragraph describes the term software.Software is a collection of computer (i) ……. and related data that provide the(ii) ……… for telling a computer what to do and how todo. Software is a conceptual (iii) …….. which is a set of (iv) …… programs,(v) ……… and associated (vi) ………… concerned with the operation of a data (vii) ……… system. Fill in the blanks with words from the list below: instructions, basic, programs, processing, entity, computer, useful, procedures, documentation, hardware Answer: (i) programs (ii) instructions (iii) entity (iv) computer (v) procedures (vi) documentation (vii) processing

Question 2. Software is not only the basic requirement of a computer system, it makes a computer more powerful and useful. Computer systems divide software into two major classes.

• What is the meaning of the term software?
• (ii) Name the two major classes of software.
• Software is a set of programs that tells the computer to perform a task.
• System software
• Application software

Question 3. Operating system is an important component of a computer system. Various types of operating systems are available.

• Operating system belongs to which class of software?
• (ii) What is the need of an operating system?
• (iii) Why an operating system is important?
• System software.
• Operating system provides a software platform on which other programs, called application programs are run.
• It acts as an interface between the user and the hardware.

Question 4. Reena got an assignment on the topic Word processing software. Help her to solve the assignment.

•  What is Word processing software?
• Which type of software is Word processor?
• Give some examples equivalent to type of Word processing software.
• Give some examples of Word processing program.
• Word processing software is an application software that helps to create text based documents. It also processes paragraphs, pages and entire papers.
• General purpose application software.
• Electronic spreadsheets, database management systems, desktop publishing software, graphics, multimedia and presentation applications.
• Microsoft Word, WordPerfect (Windows only), AppleWorks (Mac only) and OpenOffice.org Writer.

Question 5. Mr. X has recently installed a new operating system on his computer

• Describe the main functions of an operating system.
• Name any two utility programs used by an operating system.
• Monitors the performance of the system, enables software to communicate with hardware and application softwares to be loaded; gives prompts and error reports to the users.
• Antivirus and compression tool.

Question 6. Below is the list of various types of application softwares: A. Database B. Desktop publishing C. Drawing D. Word processing E. Spreadsheet Which one would be the most suitable to use for each of the following tasks?

• Rotation of shapes
• Typing in text for a novel
• Using frames to position text and graphics on a page
• Replication of cells
• Carrying out a complex search on two or more criteria
• Word processing
• Desktop publishing
• Spreadsheet

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. Which one of the following is a set of instructions that tells the hardware how to perform the tasks? (a) Compiler (b) Software (c) Hardware (d) CPU Answer: (b) Software is a set of instructions that tells the hardware how to perform the tasks.

Question 2. Operating system is a (a) application software (b) system software (c) hardware (d) language Answer: (b) Operating system is a system software that acts as an interface between the user and the hardware.

Question 3. Which software takes control of computer system on startup? (a) Compiler (b) Operating system (c) Application software (d) All of these Answer: (b) Operating system takes control of computer system on startup.

Question 4. Which device is used to convert the program written in assembly language into machine language? (a) Interpreter (b) Compiler (c) Assembler (d) None of these Answer: (c) Assembler is used to convert the program written in assembly language into machine language because it is a language processor that converts the user defined language into a form which can be easily understood by the computer.

Question 5. Interpreter converts a high level language program into a machine language by (a) one go mechanism (b) line-by-line mechanism (c) group of five lines mechanism (d) None of the above Answer: (b) Interpreter is a language processor, which converts the high level language program into machine language by using line-by-line mechanism.

Question 6. The language processor which converts high level language into machine language is (a) assembler (b) compiler (c) interpreter (d) Both (b) and (c) Answer: (d) Both compiler and interpreter are language processors that converts high level language into machine language.

Question 7. Utility programs include (a) Virus scanning software (b) Backup software (c) Disk defragmenter (d) All of the above Answer: (d) Utility programs includes virus scanning, backup, disk defragmenter software.

Question 8. Disk Cleaner helps to free (a) data (b) recycle bin (c) spaces (d) None of these Answer: (c) Disk Cleaner helps to free spaces. So that, the free spaces can be utilised to store another file or folder.

Question 9. This part of utility software is used to prevent phosphor burning on computer monitors by blanking the screen with moving images. (a) File Managers (b) Debugging Tool (c) Disk Cleaners (d) Screensavers Answer: (d) Screensavers fill the computer screen with moving images or patterns, when the computer is not in use.

Question 10. Which of the following is not related to a utility software? (a) Text editor (b) Antivirus program (c) Disk compression software (d) Railway reservation system Answer: (d) Railway reservation system is an example of application software whereas, rest all are software utilities.

Question 11. Which type of software is designed to perform specific, personal, business or scientific processing tasks? (a) System (b) Application (c) GUI (d) Compiler Answer: (b) Application software is a computer software which is designed to help the user to perform some specific or personal tasks.

Question 12. Which of the following is not related to an application software? (a) Word processor (b) DBMS (c) Operating system (d) Railway reservation system Answer: (c) Application software is a software which carries out a specific task like Word processor, spreadsheet, DBMS etc. Among the given options, operating system is related to system software.

Question 13. DTP is a tool for graphic designers and non-designers to create visual communications for professional. DTP stands for (a) Device Transfer Protocol (b) Desktop Publishing (c) Device Transfer Programs (d) All of the above Answer: (b) DTP stands for Desktop Publishing.

Question 14. Assembly language is a low level programming language (a) makes use of mnemonics to interact with computer system (b) sometimes referred to as machine code or object code (c) that is not limited by the computer or for one specific job (d) used to interact with computer software Answer: (a) Assembly language is a low level programming language that use mnemonics to interact with computer system.

Question 15. Machine language sometimes referred to as (a) programming language that is used widely by the programmer. (b) machine code or object code (c) programming language that is more easily understood (d) language that is not limited by the computer Answer: (b) Machine language sometimes referred to as machine code or object code because it is the language which is only understood by the computer as a computer itself is just a machine or an electronic device.

Fill in the Blanks

Question 1. Program is a set of …….. Answer: instructions

Question 2. The software is categorised as …. and …… software. Answer: system, application

Question 3. ………….. and ……… aresystem softwares. Answer: Operating system, language processors

Question 4 ……….. is a software that controls and manages the hardware. Answer: Operating System

Question 5. The software that helps the computer in maintaining its performance is called ………….. Answer: Utility software

Question 6. A safe way to remove viruses is to run an ……… Answer: antivirus software

Question 7. ……….. is a software program that provides a user interface to work with the file system. Answer: File manager

Question 8. Encryption is the process of transforming ………. Answer: plain text into cipher text

Question 9. A ……… is a group of related fields. Answer: database

Question 10. Payroll system and accounting system are the ……… softwares. Answer: application

Question 11. Programmers use a variety of ………….. to communicate instructions to the computer. Answer: programming languages

True or False

Question 1. We cannot work on computer without software. Answer: True Software is a set of programs, which instructs the computer to do a task. We always need a software to work on the computer system.

Question 2. Hardware is operated by system softwares. Answer: True System softwares tell hardwares how to perform a task.

Question 3. Operating system is an application software. Answer: False It is a system software which acts as an interface between the user and the hardware.

Question 4 Device drivers are the part of application software. Answer: False Device drivers are the part of system software, which is used to make interface between the device and the user or the operating system.

Question 5. Interpreter translates whole program at a time. Answer: False Interpreter is a language processor which translates the whole program line-by-line.

Question 6. A text editor is used to facilitate the creation and correction of text. Answer: True A text editor is used to create and edit the text. Text editor is a part of utility.

Question 7. Encrypted data is referred as cipher text. Answer: True Encrypted data is presented in coded form. So, it is known as cipher text.

Question 8. The set of programs designed to perform user specific tasks is called application software. Answer: True Application software refers to the programs that perform operations for a specified task of a user.

Question 9. MS-Word and MS-Excel are two application softwares. Answer: True MS-Word and MS-Excel are two application softwares because such type of softwares pertains to specific applications and specific task.

Question 10. Assembly language uses mnemonic codes. Answer: True Assembly language uses mnemonic codes to represent each low level machine operation or code.

Question 11. The third generation of languages are low level languages. Answer: False They are high level languages such as C.

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Digital Documentation Class 9 Notes

Teachers and Examiners ( CBSESkillEduction ) collaborated to create the Digital Documentation Class 9 Notes . All the important Information are taken from the NCERT Textbook Information Technology (402) class 9 .

A word processor is a software application used to create printable documents. WordStar was first the most popular word processing programme.

Using a typewriter has a number of restrictions, some of which are listed here.

1. In case of any typing error, the whole sheet is required to be typed again. 2. It takes extra typing time to send the same letter to several recipients at different addresses. 3. The typewriter misses some of the necessary characters or symbols. Using a typewriter, it is impossible to type all the characters. 4. Using a typewriter, it is impossible to create a document in the appropriate format.

Some of the features provided by popular word processors are as listed below.

• Create, edit, save, retrieve and print the document • Select and move the text from one place to another in the document • Copy the text to other places within the document • Move or copy a selected text from one document to any other document • Change the font size, font style of the text in the document • Format paragraphs as well as pages • Check spelling and grammar • Create table, modify the size of the selected rows, columns or cells • Combine one or more documents • Insert pictures or graphs within the document • Print the selected text or selected pages of the document

LibreOffice Writer

LibreOffice is a feature-rich, free and open source (FOSS) office productivity suite. At the moment, LibreOffice versions 6.0 and up are available. The website www.libreoffice.org offers a free download of it. This programme can be downloaded and used on a variety of operating systems, including Windows, Mac, and Linux. It publishes documents in Open Document Format (ODF) file format.

Getting started with word processor – Writer

Usually, a shortcut to LibreOffice can be found on the desktop or in the Quick Launch Taskbar. Depending on the operating system you’re running, the procedure could somewhat change (Windows or Linux).

• To start LibreOffice Writer in Windows, double click LibreOffice Writer icon in desktop
• Alternatively, click on the Start or Windows button, select LibreOffice → LibreOffice Writer from application window.
• Using the Search command, type the word ‘writer’ in the search field, and select LibreOffice Writer from the offered results.
• In Ubuntu Linux, find the LibreOffice Writer icon on the application launcher, or search it by clicking on ‘Show Applications’

Creating a document

Step 1 : Click on File Menu → New → Text Document. Step 2 : Now save the file by clicking on the File Menu → Save. Give the name of the file. By default, the file is saved in .odt format. Step 3 : Saving the file by another name It is possible to make another copy of the file by saving it

To Save a document using password

Step 1 : Select File → Save Step 2 : Select the location on disk to save the file Step 3 : Type a suitable name for the document Step 4 : Click on Save button Step 5 : To save the document with password, put a tick on the checkbox Save with a password Step 6 : Type the password to open the file in Set password dialog box Step 7 : Type the same password in the second box and click OK button

Parts of the Writer window

The various parts of the Writer window have been briefly explained below.

• Title bar – Title bar is located on the top of Writer window. It shows the title of the currently opened document.
• Menu bar – It appears below the Title Bar. It shows the menu items File, Edit, View, Insert, Format, Tables, Tools, Window and Help.
• Toolbars – The tool bar appears below Menu Bar. By default, the Standard Tool Bar and Formatting Tool Bar will appear.
• Standard toolbar – It contains commands in the form of icons.
• Formatting toolbar – It contains the various options for formatting a document. A graphical representation of commands is shown in the form of icons.
• Status bar – This is positioned at the left bottom of the Writer window and displays the number of pages, words, the language used, zooming, etc. It is located at the bottom of the workspace.
• Scroll button and scroll bar – It is used to scroll the document.
• Zoom – It allows to change the scale of the text and pictures in the document only for view. It does not affect the physical document. It is used to check the finishing quality of the document.

Editing the document

(a) Undo and Redo • Open the existing file (For example, report.odt) and then start editing in it. • If, by mistake, you have made some changes and now you want to erase the last change done, then use the Undo option. • After undo command, again if you want to go back then use the Redo option.

(b) Moving and copying text Cut and Paste: It is used to move a selected text from one place to another. • Select the text and click on Edit → Cut option or press CTRL+X • Place the cursor where the text has to be moved. Click on Edit → Paste option or press CTRL+V

(c) Copy and Paste It is used to make a duplicate copy of selected text. Step 1: Select the text and click on Edit→ Copy option or press CTRL+C Step 2: Place the cursor where the text has to be duplicated. Click on Edit→Paste option or press CTRL+V

(d) Selection criteria

There are several selection tricks to speed up the selection process as below.

(e) Selecting non-consecutive text items

If the text is not continuous and you have been asked to select a part of the text from a paragraph, then perhaps you may say that it is not possible to select the non-consecutive text. But Writer provides a way to select the non-continuous text using the keyboard and mouse.

(f) Find and Replace

This feature is used to search for a text and replace it with other text. • Select Edit → Find & Replace, the dialog box will open. • Type the text to find in the Find box. • To change the text with different text, enter the new text in the Replace box.

(g) Jumping to the page number

Sometimes we may require to jump to a particular page number. ‘Go to Page’ feature of Writer is useful. To do this, select the Edit Menu→ Go to Page (Keyboard shortcut: Ctrl+G).

(h) Non-printing characters

When you press keys like Enter, the Space Bar, and the Tab key, that do not appear on the screen, we are actually entering these characters is know as Non-printing characters. 

(i) Checking spelling and grammar

Writer helps us to correct the spelling. It also provides a grammar checker to check the grammar of the sentence. It can be used separately or in combination with the spelling checker. This is one of the important features of any word processing application.

To check the spelling and grammar of the document (or selected text), select T ools → Spelling and Grammar , or click the Spelling and Grammar button on the Standard toolbar, or press the keyboard key F7.

• Automatic Spell Checker – checks each word as it is typed and displays a wavy red line under any unrecognised words. Right-click on an unrecognised word to open a context menu. Certain suggestions will be displayed for the selected word. Click on the most appropriate word out of the suggested words to replace the underlined word.
• Using synonyms and the thesaurus – Sometimes you search for a word having a similar in meaning to the word you have in mind. A word processor helps to look up synonyms (different words with the same meaning) and antonyms (words with the opposite meaning) in the thesaurus. The list of synonyms can be accessed from a context menu.

Formatting a document

To setup a page, select and click on the Format → PageSetup and the Page option.

Page style dialog

It allows to select paper size and format (A4, A5, B4, Letter). User can adjust ‘Orientation’ as Portrait or Landscape. The user can set the Margins (Left, Right, Top, Down).

Formatting text 

There are various methods of formatting text. We can apply any one method as per the suitability. These methods are • use the menu options from menu bar. • use the readily available buttons on the formatting toolbar. • use the context menu. The context menu appears by right clicking on the selected text. • use the keyboard shortcut.

Removing manual formatting

To see the effect of formatting the text, first remove manual formatting. For this, select the text and choose Format → Clear Direct Formatting from the Menu bar, or click the Clear Direct Formatting button on the Formatting toolbar, or use Ctrl+M from the keyboard.

Common text formatting

Some of the common text formatting features. 1. Changing font size – by selecting font size. 2. Changing font style – bold, italic, underline 3. Changing font type – by selecting font drop down. 4. Changing font colour – by selecting font colour icon.

Changing text case

It is possible to change the case of the text. There are 6 Change Case options in LibreOffice

• Sentence case
• Capitalize Every Word
• tOOGLE cASE

Superscript and Subscript

For example, in the date 5th July, the ‘th’ character appearing after 5 is in the superscript case. In some situations, such as while writing scientific/chemical formula, such O2, the character 2 is in the subscript case. Now, in our example, change the 5th July to 5th July. • To apply superscript: Select the text and select Format → Text → Superscript • To apply subscript: Select the text and select Format → Text → Subscript

Paragraph style

Every paragraph in a LibreOffice Writer document has a paragraph style.

Indenting paragraphs – The entire paragraph can be indented in one step. there is a two different type of indent ‘Increase Indent’ and ‘Decrease Indent’. 

Aligning paragraphs – The paragraph can be aligned as Left, Right, Center and Justify.

Font colour, highlighting, and background colour – There are three more tools—Font Color, Highlighting, and Background tools on the Format Toolbar.

Using the bullets and numbering – You can assign the bullets or numbering to the list items in the document by using the options on the Bullets and Numbering toolbar. You can also create a nested list by using the buttons on the Bullets and Numbering toolbar.

Assigning colour, border and background – To assign background colour to the paragraph, first select the paragraph. Select Format → Paragraph → Area→ Colour, then select the colour. To assign border to the paragraph, select the paragraph, then select Format → Paragraph → Borders → Select Line – Style, Width, Colour.

Page formatting

Setting up basic page layout using styles – Page styles define the basic layout of all pages in the document. It includes page size, margins, header and footer, border and background, number of columns, etc.

Inserting a page break – Page break helps to break the current page and move to the next page. To break the current page and start the new page select Insert → Page Break from the Menu bar or use the keyboard command (Ctrl + Return).

Creating header/footer and page numbers – Headers appear at the top of every page; footers appear at the bottom of a page. To insert header in the document, select Insert → Header and Footer → Header and To insert footer in the document, select Insert →Header and Footer → Footer.

Defining borders and backgrounds – You can apply the border in the individual characters or to selected text. you can also add background color to the paragraph. 

Inserting images, shapes, special characters in a document – 

• Inserting image – To insert an image in your document, position the cursor where you want to insert the file, select Insert → Image . Another alternative is, just click on the insert image icon, located below the Formatting Toolbar.
• Inserting special characters – special character, such as ¶ or which cannot be typed by using the keyboard. LibreOffice Writer provides a feature to enter the special characters in document. To do this select Insert → Special Character .
• Inserting shapes – It is possible to insert various shapes in your document. The variety of shapes consists of Lines, Arrows, Symbols, Stars, Callouts, Flowcharts. to insert shapes in documents select Insert → Shape .

Dividing the document page into columns – You can divide the documents in two or three column using columns option. It is used in magazines and newspapers. To divide the page into columns, select Format → Column.

Creating and managing tables

The representation of data in a tabular format is called as table. A table has a number of rows and columns. It is also possible to have a table with one row and one column. To represent data you have to create a table. LibreOffice Writer provides a very rich tool for creating and managing a table. The various features of the table are:

Creating a table

The simplest way to create a table is, click the Table icon on the Standard toolbar. Second method, Select Table → Insert Table from the Menu bar or Press Ctrl+F12.

Inserting rows and columns

Choose Insert → Rows Above/Below or Insert → Columns Above/Below. Set number to define the number of rows or columns to be inserted, and select the Position as Before or After.

Deleting rows and columns

Right-click and choose Delete → Rows or Delete → Columns.

Splitting and merging tables

Choose Table → Split Table from the Menu bar.

To merge two tables

Right-click and choose Merge Tables in the context menu. You can also use Table → Merge Table from the Menu bar.

Deleting a table

Choose Table → Delete Table from the Menu bar.

Copying a table

• From the Menu bar choose Table → Select → Table.
• Press Ctrl+C or click the Copy icon on the Standard toolbar.

Moving a table

• From the Menu bar, choose Table → Select Table.
• Press Ctrl+X or click the Cut icon in the Standard toolbar.
• Press Ctrl+V or click the Paste icon in the Standard toolbar. (This pastes the cells and their contents and formatting.)

Printing a document

To quickly print the document without any option, Click the Print icon. The entire document will be sent to the default printer defined for your computer.

Print preview

Print Preview is useful to check the document before printing. A user can check whether the document is prepared as needed, such as indentation, borders, etc.

Controlling printing

To print the document with certain options, use the Print dialog (File → Print or Ctrl+P). From the Print dialog, you can choose options as per your requirement. They are Printer, Properties, Print Range, Copies and Options. The selected options will work for the current document only. 

Printing all pages, single and multiple pages

One can select the printing option as per their choice. There are three options to print the number of pages in a document. • To print all the pages in sequence, choose the option All pages. • To print a single page, or number of nonconsecutive pages, choose the option Pages, and give the page numbers separated by comma. If you want to print the pages that are consecutive give the range of pages first and last page. • To print only the selected text, choose the option, Selection.

mail merge is used to create a series of same documents with multiple addresses. Mail merge is the process of merging the main document (letter or certificates) with the mailing address of various persons. The main document is merged with the mailing address, hence the name mail merge. It is used to send invitations, letters or to print certificates for several people.

To create multiple letters using Mail Merge Wizard, select Tool → Mail Merge Wizard.

Creating the data source

A data source is a set of mailing addresses in the form of a rows and columns generally called database. The content of the database is in the form of data records.

Employability skills Class 9 Notes

• Unit 1 – Communication Skills Class 9 Notes
• Unit 2 – Self-Management Skills Class 9 Notes
• Unit 3 – Basic ICT Skills Class 9 Notes
• Unit 4 – Entrepreneurial Skills Class 9 Notes
• Unit 5 – Green Skills Class 9 Notes

Employability skills Class 9 MCQ

• Unit 1 – Communication Skills Class 9 MCQ
• Unit 2 – Self-Management Skills Class 9 MCQ
• Unit 3 – Basic ICT Skills Class 9 MCQ
• Unit 4 – Entrepreneurial Skillls Class 9 MCQ
• Unit 5 – Green Skills Class 9 MCQ

Employability skills Class 9 Questions and Answers

• Unit 1 – Communication Skills Class 9 Questionns and Answers
• Unit 2 – Self-Management Skills Class 9 Questions and Answers
• Unit 3 – Basic ICT Skills Class 9 Questions and Answers
• Unit 4 – Entrepreneurial Skills Class 9 Questions and Answers
• Unit 5 – Green Skills Class 9 Questions and Answers

Information Technology Class 9 Notes

• Unit 1 – Introduction to IT-ITeS Industry Class 9 Notes
• Unit 2 – Data Entry and Keyboarding Skills Class 9 Notes
• Unit 3 – Digital Documentation Class 9 Notes
• Unit 4 – Electronic Spreadsheet Class 9 Notes
• Unit 5 – Digital Presentation Class 9 Notes

Information Technology Class 9 MCQ

• Unit 1 – Introduction to IT-ITeS Industry Class 9 MCQ
• Unit 2 – Data Entry and Keyboarding Skills Class 9 MCQ
• Unit 3 – Digital Documentation Class 9 MCQ
• Unit 4 – Electronic Spreadsheet Class 9 MCQ
• Unit 5 – Digital Presentation Class 9 MCQ

Information Technology Class 9 Questions and Answers

• Unit 1 – Introduction to IT-ITeS Industry Class 9 Questions and Answers
• Unit 2 – Data Entry and Keyboarding Skills Class 9 Questions and Answers
• Unit 3 – Digital Documentation Class 9 Questions and Answers
• Unit 4 – Electronic Spreadsheet Class 9 Questions and Answers
• Unit 5 – Digital Presentation Class 9 Questions and Answers

1 thought on “Digital Documentation Class 9 Notes”

should be able to download these resources, overall is good

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Important Questions and Notes

Unit 4 Electronic Spreadsheet Class 9 Notes Important Points

Electronic spreadsheet class 9 notes.

SPREADSHEET : A spreadsheet is a grid which interactively manages and organizes data in rows and columns. It is also called as Electronic Spreadsheet. It can also store, manipulate and create graphical representations of data.

It is used for managing financial and accounting documents, creating data reports, generating invoices, and for doing a variety of calculations on data etc.

Advantages of Spreadsheet : There are various advantages of spreadsheet software.

• A spreadsheet software can create graphical representations of data.
• It can be used to calculate and analyze the data for decision making.
• It also provide built-in formulae and functions for common mathematical, financial, statistical operations.
• It is widely used for data analysis and accounting applications.

Examples of Spreadsheet software : Examples are

• Microsoft Excel
• LibreOffice Calc
• OpenOffice Calc
• Apple Inc. Numbers

LibreOffice Calc is used to perform the following activities accurately and efficiently.

• Tabulation of data.
• Simple mathematical calculations.
• Complex calculations using formula and functions.
• Arranging data in ascending and descending order.
• Filtering the required data.
• Check the validity of data.
• Protection of data using passwords.
• Saving for future use.

Starting LibreOffice Calc : LibreOffice Calc is the spreadsheet application of LibreOffice suite. In Linux (Ubuntu) operating system, the LibreOffice gets installed by default. In Windows, you need to download LibreOffice from its official website and install it on your computer.

Steps to open LibreOffice Calc in Window : In Windows, find the shortcut of LibreOffice on Start menu or on the desktop. Double click the shortcut to open LibreOffice. Or Click the window menu, select LibreOffice application, then click LibreOffice Calc.

Steps to open LibreOffice Calc in Linux : In Ubuntu Linux, find the Calc icon on application launcher or search it by clicking on “Show Applications”.

Parts of LibreOffice Calc :

Following figure shows the parts of LibreOffice Calc. A brief explanation about the parts is given below.

a. Title bar : The Title bar, located at the top, shows the name of the current spreadsheet. The first created spreadsheet takes the name as Untitled 1, second is Untitled 2 and so on.

b. Menu bar : Menu bar is located just below the Title bar. It contains the menus with commands for various tasks.

c. Toolbars : The Calc opens with the Standard and Formatting toolbars at the top of the workspace by default. These toolbar provide a wide range of common commands and functions. Placing the mouse cursor over any icon displays a small box called a tooltip.

d. Worksheet : The worksheet in Calc is also referred to as spreadsheet. The spreadsheet can have many sheets. Each sheet can have many individual cells arranged in rows and columns. The sheet tab shows its default name as Sheet1, Sheet2, Sheet3, ….

e. Rows and columns : The sheet is divided into vertical columns and horizontal rows. Each sheet can have a maximum of 1,048,576 (220) rows and 1024 (210) columns. The rows are numbered as 1,2,3,4,… and columns are numbered as A, B, C, D, …., Z, AA, AB, AC, …., A Z …

f. Cell and cell address : The intersection of a row and column is called a cell. It is the basic element of a spreadsheet. It holds data, such as text, numbers, formulas and so on. A cell address is denoted by its column (letter) and row number. For example, D4, E9, Z89 are the valid example of cell address.

g. Active Cell : When we click on a cell it gets selected, and is ready to take data from the user. This selected or activated cell is called an active cell. It is always highlighted, with a thick border.

Range of cells : A block of adjacent cells in a worksheet which is highlighted or selected is called a range of cells .

The column range is the number of cells spread across the column. The cell address is represented by single column letter and multiple row number in a sequence. for example C1 : C6, A9 : A18 etc

The row range is the number of cells spread across the row. The cell address is represented by single row number with different columns. for example C5 : H5, A2 : J2 etc.

The row and column range is the number of cells spread across the row and columns. This range is a matrix with number of rows and number of columns. for example A3 : G5, D2 : H4 etc.

Let’s Practice 2

• What is the address of the first cell represented by Range1?
• What is the address of the last cell represented by Range1?
• Write the cell range represented by Range1.
• Write the cell range represented by Range 2.
• What is the name of the cell range along a row?
• What is the name of the cell range along a column?
• Write the cell range represented by Range 3.
• Give the number of cells in the cell range represented by Range 3.

Entering data : The data to be entered in a worksheet can be the label, values or formula.

a) Label : Label is the any text entered by using a keyboard. It may combine with letters, numbers, and special symbols. By default the labels are left aligned.

b) Values : The numerical data consisting of only numbers are called values. By default values are right aligned.

c) Formulae : Any expressions that begins with an equals ‘=’ is treated as formula.

Mathematical operators used in formulae : Spreadsheet Software has the most powerful features to calculate numerical data using formulae. LibreOffice Calc uses standard operators for formulae, such as a plus(+), minus(-), multiplication (*), a division (/) for arithmetic operation.

Note: The order of evaluation can be changed by using brackets.

Note: Formula starts with ‘=’ sign and nothing should be written on the left side of the equal sign (‘=’). If you forgot to put the ‘=’ before the formula, it will be treated as a label.

Steps to rename sheet :

• Select the menu Sheet → Rename Sheet.
• Give appropriate name and click OK

Steps to save the worksheet : To save the worksheet

• click on File → Save.
• A Save dialog box will appear.
• Select the location where you want to save the file.
• Enter the name of the file say, ‘Bill’
• Click on the Save button.

Steps to insert the column before any column : Position the cursor on any cell of the column before which you want to insert the column and select Sheet → Insert Columns → Columns → Columns left

Steps to insert the column after (right side) any column : Position the cursor on any cell of the column after which you want to insert the column and select Sheet → Insert Columns → Columns → Columns right .

Function :   Functions are predefined formula in Calc which is used for tasks like finding the sum, count, average, maximum value, and minimum values for a range of cells.

Commonly used basic functions in Calc

Formatting the worksheet : The cell data can be formatted using Format cells dialog box. The Format cells dialog box can be opened using Format→cells using the Format menu, or from context menu opened through right clicking the cell. Shortcut to open this Format Cell dialog box is Ctrl+1. Various options of Format cell dialog box are shown below.

a) Formatting a range of cells with decimal places : Following are the steps to format a cell to the required number of decimal places:

• Select the range of cells.
• Open the ‘format cells dialog’ box
• Click the ‘Number’ tab
• Select the ‘Number’
• Change the decimal places as required

b) Formatting a range of cells to be seen as labels : Follow the steps below in order to format a range of cells as text.

• Select the range of cells
• Click the Number tab
• Select Text
• Enter numbers

c) Formatting of a cell range as different date format : In a spreadsheet application, the user can change Date in many different formats. To do these follow the below steps.

• Open the ‘Format cells dialog’ box
• Select the ‘Date’ category
• Select the date format

d ) Formatting a range of cells to display times : Follow the steps below to format a range of cells to display the time.

• Select the cell range
• Select the ‘Time’ category
• Select category Time should be displayed

e) Formatting alignment of a cell range : Follow the steps below to format the alignment of range of cells.

• Click the ‘Alignment’ tab
• Select left, right or center

Fill handle of a cell : The small black square in the bottom-right corner of the selected cell or range is called a fill handle.

Referencing : Referencing is the way to refer the formula or function from one cell to the next cell along the row or column. There are three types of referencing.

• Relative referencing
• Mixed referencing
• Absolute referencing

1. Relative referencing : When you drag any formula in any row or column in any direction, the formula gets copied in the new cell with the relative reference. for example A1, H15 etc.

2. Mixed referencing : In Mixed Referencing, the $ sign is used before row number or column name to make it constant. for example A$5, $C14.

3. Absolute referencing : In Absolute referencing, a $ symbol is used before the column name as well as row number to make it constant in any formula. For example, $C$12, $D$5, etc.

Identify the cell referencing in the following table:

Creation of Charts Using Spreadsheets : It is not easy to comprehend, compare, analyze or present data when they are represented as numbers. But when data are presented in the form of charts they become an effective tool to communicate. The various types of charts are given below.

Steps to create a column chart :

• Select the range of data say A1:F7
• Click on Insert → Chart
• Select the type of chart ie Column chart
• Click Finish

Disclaimer : I tried to give you the correct “ Electronic Spreadsheet Class 9 Notes ” , but if you feel that there is/are mistakes in “ Electronic Spreadsheet Class 9 Notes ” given above, you can directly contact me at [email protected]. Book and Study material available on CBSE official website are used as reference to create above “ Electronic Spreadsheet Class 9 Notes “. Screenshot of Electronic Spreadsheet interface used in the above blog is taken from CBSE study material.

Important Links of Class IX

Click here to download book pdf

Unit 1 : Introduction to IT–ITeS Industry

MCQ —————————– Notes ——————— Book Solution ————— Practice Questions

Unit 2 : Data Entry and Keyboarding Skills

MCQ —————————–Notes——————— Book Solution ————— Practice Questions

Unit 3 : Digital Documentation

Unit 4 : electronic spreadsheet, unit 5 : digital presentation, 1 thought on “unit 4 electronic spreadsheet class 9 notes important points”.

=MIN- finds the smallest value in the range of cells. You typed there LARGEST, kindly change it

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